Evolution of ZW Sex Chromosomes in Ptyas Snakes (Reptilia, Colubridae): New Insights from a Molecular Cytogenetic Perspective

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Setti, Princia Grejo ; Ezaz, Tariq ; Deon, Geize Aparecida ; Utsunomia, Ricardo ; Tanomtong, Alongklod ; Ditcharoen, Sukhonthip ; Donbundit, Nattasuda ; Sumontha, Montri ; Seetapan, Kriengkrai ; Buasriyot, Phichaya ; Pinthong, Krit ; Thongnetr, Weera ; dos Santos, Natalia ; Porto-Foresti, Fabio ; Liehr, Thomas ; Cioffi, Marcelo de Bello

• Tipo de documento: Artigo Científico
• Fonte: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES; v. 26, n. 10, p. 19-pg., 2025-05-09.

Resumo

Snakes are cytogenetically dynamic, characterized by largely conserved diploid chromosome numbers although displaying varied variable evolutionary stages of their sex chromosomes. This study examined four snakes, with a special focus on the genus Ptyas, to provide evolutionary insights into the evolution of ZW sex chromosomes. We performed an extensive karyotype characterization using conventional and molecular cytogenetic approaches, described for the first time the karyotype of Ptyas korros, and revisited the karyotype descriptions of P. mucosa, Chrysopelea ornata, and Fowlea flavipunctatus. We found that all species except F. flavipunctatus have highly heterochromatic W chromosomes enriched in satDNAs or microsatellite repeats. Repetitive sequences accumulate with the heterochromatinization of the W chromosome but are not necessarily associated with this process, demonstrating the dynamic makeup of snake sex chromosomes. Autosomal locus-specific and sex chromosome probes from Pogona vitticeps and Varanus acanthurus did not show hybridization signals in Ptyas snakes, suggesting divergent evolutionary pathways. This finding highlighted the dynamic nature of sex chromosome evolution in snakes, which occurred independently in lizards. (AU)

• Processo FAPESP: 23/15700-0 - Diferenciação do sistema ZZ/ZW de cromossomos sexuais em cobras: uma abordagem citogenômica
• Beneficiário: Príncia Grejo Setti
• Modalidade de apoio: Bolsas no Exterior - Estágio de Pesquisa - Mestrado
• Processo FAPESP: 23/00955-2 - Integrando citogenética e genômica no estudo das vias de diferenciação dos cromossomos sexuais. Parte I
• Beneficiário: Marcelo de Bello Cioffi
• Modalidade de apoio: Auxílio à Pesquisa - Regular
• Processo FAPESP: 22/12296-0 - Diferenciação do sistema ZZ/ZW de cromossomos sexuais. Análises comparativas em espécies de répteis e aves
• Beneficiário: Príncia Grejo Setti
• Modalidade de apoio: Bolsas no Brasil - Mestrado