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Extracellular vesicles as cancer biomarkers and drug delivery strategies in clinical settings: Advances, perspectives, and challenges

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Autor(es):
Assuncao, Raphaela Rebeca Silveira ; Santos, Nathalia Leal ; Andrade, Luciana Nogueira de Sousa
Número total de Autores: 3
Tipo de documento: Artigo Científico
Fonte: Clinics; v. 80, p. 8-pg., 2025-05-01.
Resumo

Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide, and despite the introduction of new therapeutic approaches for advanced cases aimed at improving patient survival, only a subset of patients benefits from a complete response. In this context, there is a growing need for new cancer biomarkers and therapeutic strategies, and the use of Extracellular Vesicles (EVs) has been widely explored in various approaches. As circulating lipid-bilayer particles carrying a variety of biological information from tumor cells, EVs can be employed as good biomarkers of diagnosis, prognosis, therapy evaluation, and as adjuvants in cancer treatment. In this review, we provide a brief overview of the different types of EVs and their biogenesis and discuss how tumor-derived EV cargo can serve as a potential biomarker in clinical settings through liquid biopsy. We also highlight recent advances in EV nanoengineering and their potential as adjuvants in cancer treatment. Finally, we discuss the key unknowns, gaps, and bottlenecks that must be addressed to fully integrate EVs into precision oncology. (AU)

Processo FAPESP: 24/09411-8 - Vesículas Extracelulares Engenheiradas para Entrega Direcionada de Nanopartículas de RNAs Terapêuticos para Células de Melanoma
Beneficiário:Nathalia Leal Santos
Modalidade de apoio: Bolsas no Exterior - Estágio de Pesquisa - Doutorado
Processo FAPESP: 23/16355-4 - Fenotipagem de vesículas extracelulares circulantes de pacientes com melanoma em função do tratamento com checkpoints do sistema imune
Beneficiário:Raphaela Rebeca Silveira Assuncao
Modalidade de apoio: Bolsas no Brasil - Mestrado