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Tiwari, Shivangi ; Pausata, Francesco S. R. ; LeGrande, Allegra N. ; Griffiths, Michael ; Wainer, Ilana ; Beltrami, Hugo ; de Vernal, Anne ; Hopcroft, Peter O. ; Tabor, Clay ; Chandan, Deepak ; Peltier, W. Richard

• Tipo de documento: Artigo Científico
• Fonte: COMMUNICATIONS EARTH & ENVIRONMENT; v. 6, n. 1, p. 11-pg., 2025-08-18.

Resumo

Several paleoclimatic reconstructions have indicated that the mid-Holocene (6,000 years before present) was characterized by stronger east-west temperature contrast and lower El Ni & ntilde;o Southern Oscillation (ENSO) variability relative to the present day. While climate models show a reduction in ENSO variability, they underestimate this reduction compared to paleoclimate reconstructions. Further, the drivers behind these changes remain unclear. Here we use five global climate models to show that incorporating vegetation changes over northern Africa during the mid-Holocene amplifies the orbitally-driven strengthening of the West African Monsoon, warms the tropical north Atlantic, and nudges it to an Atlantic Ni & ntilde;o-like mean state. Changes over the Atlantic lead to a La Ni & ntilde;a-like mean state over the tropical Pacific, with reductions in interannual variability amplified by up to 18% in the Ni & ntilde;o3.4 region due to the Green Sahara alone. Our work highlights the importance of the Atlantic influence on ENSO and provides paleoclimatic evidence for this synergistic teleconnection. (AU)

• Processo FAPESP: 19/08247-1 - Relação do oceano Atlântico Tropical com a seca da Amazonia e florescimento da região do Sahara no Holoceno médio
• Beneficiário: Ilana Elazari Klein Coaracy Wainer
• Modalidade de apoio: Auxílio à Pesquisa - Regular
• Processo FAPESP: 23/00072-3 - Os Período conhecido como Saara Verde e seus impactos no El Niño e no hidroclima da América do Sul
• Beneficiário: Ilana Elazari Klein Coaracy Wainer
• Modalidade de apoio: Auxílio à Pesquisa - Pesquisador Visitante - Internacional