Amphibian-killing chytrid in Brazil comprises both locally endemic and globally expanding populations

Autor(es):Mostrar menos -

Jenkinson, T. S. ^[1] ; Roman, C. M. Betancourt ^[1] ; Lambertini, C. ^[2] ; Valencia-Aguilar, A. ^[3] ; Rodriguez, D. ^[4] ; Nunes-de-Almeida, C. H. L. ^[2] ; Ruggeri, J. ^[5] ; Belasen, A. M. ^[1] ; da Silva Leite, D. ^[6] ; Zamudio, K. R. ^[7] ; Longcore, J. E. ^[8] ; Toledo, F. L. ^[2] ; James, T. Y. ^[1]

Afiliação do(s) autor(es)

^[1] Univ Michigan, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 - USA

^[2] Univ Estadual Campinas, Dept Biol Anim, Inst Biol, Lab Hist Nat Anfiibios Brasileiros LaHNAB, BR-13083862 Campinas, SP - Brazil

^[3] Univ Fed Alagoas, Inst Ciencias Biol & Saude, Programa Posgrad Diversidade Biol & Conservacao T, BR-57052970 Maceio, AL - Brazil

^[4] Texas State Univ, Dept Biol, San Marcos, TX 78666 - USA

^[5] Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Inst Biol, Dept Zool, Lab Anfibios & Repteis, BR-21941902 Rio De Janeiro, RJ - Brazil

^[6] Univ Estadual Campinas, Inst Biol, Dept Genet Evolucao & Bioagentes, Lab Antigenos Bacterianos, BR-13083862 Campinas, SP - Brazil

^[7] Cornell Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Ithaca, NY 14853 - USA

^[8] Univ Maine, Sch Biol & Ecol, Orono, ME 04469 - USA

• Tipo de documento: Artigo Científico
• Fonte: Molecular Ecology; v. 25, n. 13, p. 2978-2996, JUL 2016.
• Citações Web of Science: 28

Resumo

Chytridiomycosis, caused by the fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd), is the emerging infectious disease implicated in recent population declines and extinctions of amphibian species worldwide. Bd strains from regions of disease-associated amphibian decline to date have all belonged to a single, hypervirulent clonal genotype (Bd-GPL). However, earlier studies in the Atlantic Forest of southeastern Brazil detected a novel, putatively enzootic lineage (Bd-Brazil), and indicated hybridization between Bd-GPL and Bd-Brazil. Here, we characterize the spatial distribution and population history of these sympatric lineages in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. To investigate the genetic structure of Bd in this region, we collected and genotyped Bd strains along a 2400-km transect of the Atlantic Forest. Bd-Brazil genotypes were restricted to a narrow geographic range in the southern Atlantic Forest, while Bd-GPL strains were widespread and largely geographically unstructured. Bd population genetics in this region support the hypothesis that the recently discovered Brazilian lineage is enzootic in the Atlantic Forest of Brazil and that Bd-GPL is a more recently expanded invasive. We collected additional hybrid isolates that demonstrate the recurrence of hybridization between panzootic and enzootic lineages, thereby confirming the existence of a hybrid zone in the Serra da Graciosa mountain range of Parana State. Our field observations suggest that Bd-GPL may be more infective towards native Brazilian amphibians, and potentially more effective at dispersing across a fragmented landscape. We also provide further evidence of pathogen translocations mediated by the Brazilian ranaculture industry with implications for regulations and policies on global amphibian trade. (AU)

• Processo FAPESP: 11/51694-7 - Into the heart of an epidemic: a US-Brazil collaboration for integrative studies of the amphibian-killing fungus in Brazil
• Beneficiário: Luis Felipe de Toledo Ramos Pereira
• Modalidade de apoio: Auxílio à Pesquisa - Regular