Revision and cladistic analysis of Psalistops Simon, 1889, Trichopelma Simon, 1888 and Cyrtogranunomma Pocock, 1895 (Araneae: Theraphosidae) based on a cladistic analysis of relationships of Theraphosidae, Barychelidae and Paratropididae

Autor(es)

Mori, Andre ^{[1, 2]} ; Bertani, Rogerio ^[1]

Afiliação do(s) autor(es)

^[1] Inst Butantan, Lab Especial Ecol & Evolucao, Ave Vital Brazil 1500, BR-05503900 Sao Paulo, SP - Brazil

^[2] Univ Sao Paulo, Programa Posgrad Sistemat Taxon Anim & Biodiversi, Museu Zool, Ave Nazare 481, BR-04263000 Sao Paulo, SP - Brazil

• Tipo de documento: Artigo Científico
• Fonte: Zootaxa; v. 4873, n. 1, p. 1-132, NOV 6 2020.
• Citações Web of Science: 0

Resumo

The genera Psalistops Simon, 1889, Trichopelma, Simon, 1888 and cvrtogrammomma Pocock, 1895 are revised and included in cladistics analyses including almost all species of these genera. In order to test previous morphological hypotheses on the relationships of Barychelidae, Paratropididae and Theraphosidae and because of the controversial taxonomic position of Psalistops and Trichopelma, a set of terminal taxa representing all subfamilies of Paratropididac (Paratropidinae, Glabropelmatinae), Barychelidae (Barychelinac, Sasoninae, Trichopelmatinae) and most theraphosid subfamilies were included. as well as a diplurid, a nemesiid, and a pycnothelid, the later used to root the cladogram. The matrix with 66 terminal taxa, 2 continuous and 93 discrete characters was analysed with TNT 1.5. We found that Trichopelmatinac is not a monophylctic group, and Psalistops is transferred to Theraphosidae, as well as the barychclid genus Cyrtogrammomma and the paratropidid genus Melloina Brignoli. Cyrtogrammomma was retrieved as the sister group of Trichopelma, and Melloina as the sister group of Holothele Karsch. Psalistops was retrieved as the sister group of Reichlingia Rudloff, and the clade with these two genera is the most basal in Theraphosidae. Barychelidae was found to be monophylctic and the sister group of Theraphosidac. Paratropididac was retrieved as the sister group of Barychelidac + Theraphosidae. The relationship and possible synapomorphics of the three families are herein discussed. This is the first time since Raven (1985) that representatives of all batychelid (Barychclinac, Sasoninae, Trichopelmatinae), paratropidid (Paratropidinae, Glabropelmatinae) and most theraphosid subfamilies have been included in a morphological cladistic analysis. Psalistops comprises two species, P. melanopygius Simon, 1889 (type species) and P. colombianus sp. nov. Psalistops montigena Simon, 1889, P. tigrinus Simon, 1889 and P. zonatus Simon, 1889 are synonymized with P. melanopygius Simon, 1889. Psalistops fulvus Bryant, 1948, P. hispaniolensis Wunderlich. 1988 (fossil), P. maculosus Bryant, 1948, P. venadensis Valcrio, 1986 and P. steini (Simon, 1889) are transferred to Trichopelma. Psalistops gasci Marechal, 1996 is transferred to Hapalopus Ausserer (Theraphosidae); P. opifex (Simon, 1889) and P. solitarius (Simon. 1889) are transferred to Schismatothele Karsch, 1879 (Theraphosidae). Schismatothele solitarius (Simon, 1889) n. comb. is synonymized with Schismatothele lineala Karsch, 1879, n. syn. Psalistops nigrifemuratus Mello-Leitao, 1939 is probably a nemesiid or pycnothelid, and herein considered as nomen dubium in Pycnothelidae. Trichopelma comprises 22 species: Trichopelma nitidum Simon, 1888 (type species), T. coenobita (Simon, 1889), T. steini (Simon, 1889), T. affine (Simon, 1892), T. cubanum (Simon, 1903), T. maculatum (Banks, 1906), T. zebra (Petrunkevitch, 1925), T. banksia Ozdikmen \& Demir, 2012, T. insulanum (Petrunkevitch, 1926), T. fulvus (Bryant, 1948) n. comb., T. laselva Valerio, 1986, T. venadensis (Valerio, 1986) n. comb., T. huffi sp. nov., T. gabrieli sp. nov., T. tostoi sp. nov., T. goloboffi sp. nov.. T. juventud sp. nov., T. laurae sp. nov., T.bimini sp. nov., T. loui sp. nov., T. platnicki sp. nov., and T. hispaniolensis Wunderlich, 1988 n. comb. (fossil). Trichopelma maculosus (Bryant, 1948) n. comb. is synonymized with P. fulvus Bryant, 1948; T. corozalis (Petrunkevitch, 1929) is synonymized with T. insulanum (Petrunkevitch, 1926). Trichopelma astutum Simon, 1889 is transferred to Euthycaelus Simon, 1889, and T. madden( Esposito \& Agnarsson, 2014 to Holothele Karsch, 1879 (Theraphosidae). Trichopelma flavicomum Simon, 1891 is transferred to Neodiplothele (Barychelidae, Sasoninae). The species T. illetabile Simon, 1888, T. spinosum (Franganillo, 1926), T. scopulatum (Fische', 1927) and T. eucubanum Ozdikmen \& Demir, 2012 are considered as nomina dubia. Cyrtogrammomma comprises two species: C. mon ticola Pocock, 1895 (type species) and C. raveni sp. nov. (AU)

• Processo FAPESP: 15/19976-3 - A família Barychelidae na região neotropical (Araneae, Mygalomorphae)
• Beneficiário: Rogerio Bertani
• Modalidade de apoio: Auxílio à Pesquisa - Regular