Pleiotropic Effect of Hormone Insulin-Like Growth Factor-I in Immune Response and Pathogenesis in Leishmaniases

Autor(es)

Reis, Luiza C. ^[1] ; Ramos-Sanchez, Eduardo Milton ^{[1, 2]} ; Araujo, Fernanda N. ^[1] ; Leal, Ariane F. ^[1] ; Ozaki, Christiane Y. ^[1] ; Sevillano, Orlando R. ^[1] ; Uscata, Bernardina A. ^[1] ; Goto, Hiro ^{[3, 1]}

Afiliação do(s) autor(es)

^[1] Univ Sao Paulo IMTSP USP, Fac Med, Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo - Brazil

^[2] Univ Nacl Toribio Rodriguez de Mendoza de Amazona, Fac Ciencias Salud, Dept Salud Publ, Chachapoyas - Peru

^[3] Univ Sao Paulo, Fac Med, Dept Med Prevent, Sao Paulo - Brazil

• Tipo de documento: Artigo de Revisão
• Fonte: JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY RESEARCH; v. 2021, MAY 5 2021.
• Citações Web of Science: 1

Resumo

Leishmaniases are diseases caused by several Leishmania species, and many factors contribute to the development of the infection. Because the adaptive immune response does not fully explain the outcome of Leishmania infection and considering that the initial events are crucial in the establishment of the infection, we investigated one of the growth factors, the insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), found in circulation and produced by different cells including macrophages and present in the skin where the parasite is inoculated. Here, we review the role of IGF-I in leishmaniasis experimental models and human patients. IGF-I induces the growth of different Leishmania species in vitro and alters the disease outcome increasing the parasite load and lesion size, especially in L. major- and L. amazonensis-infected mouse leishmaniasis. IGF-I affects the parasite interacting with the IGF-I receptor present on Leishmania. During Leishmania-macrophage interaction, IGF-I acts on the arginine metabolic pathway, resulting in polyamine production both in macrophages and Leishmania. IGF-I and cytokines interact with reciprocal influences on their expression. IL-4 is a hallmark of susceptibility to L. major in murine leishmaniasis, but we observed that IGF-I operates astoundingly as an effector element of the IL-4. Approaching human leishmaniasis, patients with mucosal, disseminated, and visceral diseases presented surprisingly low IGF-I serum levels, suggesting diverse effects than parasite growth. We observed that low IGF-I levels might contribute to the inflammatory response persistence and delayed lesion healing in human cutaneous leishmaniasis and the anemia development in visceral leishmaniasis. We must highlight the complexity of infection revealed depending on the Leishmania species and the parasite's developmental stages. Because IGF-I exerts pleiotropic effects on the biology of interaction and disease pathogenesis, IGF-I turns up as an attractive tool to explore biological and pathogenic processes underlying infection development. IGF-I pleiotropic effects open further the possibility of approaching IGF-I as a therapeutical target. (AU)

• Processo FAPESP: 14/08340-8 - Influência do fator de crescimento insulina-símile (Insulin-like Growth Factor = IGF)-I no parasitismo de macrófagos peritoneais de camundongos por Leishmania (L.) infantum
• Beneficiário: Ariane Farias Leal
• Modalidade de apoio: Bolsas no Brasil - Mestrado
• Processo FAPESP: 19/25393-1 - Centro Reino-Unido:Brazil para o Estudo da Leishmaniose (JCPiL). plano de trabalho 1. patologia molecular da leishmaniose: em direção à terapia dirigida ao hospedeiro nas leishmanioses
• Beneficiário: Luiza de Campos Reis
• Modalidade de apoio: Bolsas no Brasil - Pós-Doutorado
• Processo FAPESP: 18/14398-0 - Centro Reino-Unido-Brasil para o Estudo da Leishmaniose (JCPiL)
• Beneficiário: Angela Kaysel Cruz
• Modalidade de apoio: Auxílio à Pesquisa - Temático
• Processo FAPESP: 17/02959-4 - Interação do fator de crescimento insulina símile-I e citocinas Th1 e Th2 na infecção de macrófago murino por Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis
• Beneficiário: Fernanda Narangeira de Araujo
• Modalidade de apoio: Bolsas no Brasil - Mestrado