Stem cells differentiation into insulin-producing cells (IPCs): recent advances and current challenges

Autor(es)

Borges Silva, Isaura Beatriz ; Kimura, Camila Harumi ; Colantoni, Vitor Prado ; Sogayar, Mari Cleide

• Tipo de documento: Artigo Científico
• Fonte: STEM CELL RESEARCH & THERAPY; v. 13, n. 1, p. 24-pg., 2022-07-15.

Resumo

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) is a chronic disease characterized by an autoimmune destruction of insulin-producing beta-pancreatic cells. Although many advances have been achieved in T1D treatment, current therapy strategies are often unable to maintain perfect control of glycemic levels. Several studies are searching for new and improved methodologies for expansion of beta-cell cultures in vitro to increase the supply of these cells for pancreatic islets replacement therapy. A promising approach consists of differentiation of stem cells into insulin-producing cells (IPCs) in sufficient number and functional status to be transplanted. Differentiation protocols have been designed using consecutive cytokines or signaling modulator treatments, at specific dosages, to activate or inhibit the main signaling pathways that control the differentiation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) into pancreatic beta-cells. Here, we provide an overview of the current approaches and achievements in obtaining stem cell-derived beta-cells and the numerous challenges, which still need to be overcome to achieve this goal. Clinical translation of stem cells-derived beta-cells for efficient maintenance of long-term euglycemia remains a major issue. Therefore, research efforts have been directed to the final steps of in vitro differentiation, aiming at production of functional and mature beta-cells and integration of interdisciplinary fields to generate efficient cell therapy strategies capable of reversing the clinical outcome of T1D. (AU)

• Processo FAPESP: 16/05311-2 - Medicina regenerativa visando à terapia de doenças crônico-degenerativas (câncer e diabetes)
• Beneficiário: Mari Cleide Sogayar
• Modalidade de apoio: Auxílio à Pesquisa - Temático
• Processo FAPESP: 19/21935-4 - Caracterização do transcritoma de células-tronco embrionárias durante sua diferenciação em células produtoras de insulina na ausência e presença de fatores peptídicos de crescimento/diferenciação
• Beneficiário: Isaura Beatriz Borges Silva
• Modalidade de apoio: Bolsas no Brasil - Doutorado
• Processo FAPESP: 19/22267-5 - Influência de fatores peptídicos de crescimento/diferenciação no processo de diferenciação de células-tronco embrionárias murinas (mESCs) em células produtoras de insulina (IPCs)
• Beneficiário: Camila Harumi Kimura
• Modalidade de apoio: Bolsas no Brasil - Iniciação Científica