Non-surgical periodontal debridement affects subgingival bacterial diversity in patients with HIV-1 and periodontitis

Autor(es)

Ramos Pena, Diana Estefania ; Santos, Emerson de Souza ; Bezerra, Rafael dos Santos ; Nobre, Atila V. V. ; Polvora, Tabata L. S. ; da Fonseca, Benedito A. L. ; Pozzetto, Bruno ; Lourenco, Alan G. ; do Nascimento, Cassio ; Motta, Ana Carolina F.

• Tipo de documento: Artigo Científico
• Fonte: Journal of Periodontology; v. 93, n. 10, p. 13-pg., 2022-02-15.

Resumo

Background Following human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) infection and antiretroviral therapy, the development of periodontal disease was shown to be favored. However, the influence of HIV-1 infection on the periodontal microbiota after non-surgical periodontal debridement (NSPD) needs a broad comprehension. This work aimed to compare the subgingival microbiological content of patients infected with HIV-1 and controls (non-infected) with periodontitis undergoing NSPD. Methods The bacterial profile of subgingival biofilm samples of patients with HIV-1 (n = 18) and controls (n = 14) with periodontitis was assessed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The samples were collected at baseline, 30, and 90 days after NSPD. The taxonomic analysis of gingival microbiota was performed using a ribosomal RNA database. The microbiota content was evaluated in the light of CD4 cell count and viral load. Results Both HIV and control groups showed similar stages and grades of periodontitis. At baseline, the HIV group showed higher alpha diversity for both healthy and periodontal sites. Streptococcus, Fusobacterium, Veillonella and Prevotella were the predominant bacterial genera. A low abundance of periodontopathogenic bacteria was observed, and the NSPD induced shifts in the subgingival biofilm of patients with HIV-1, leading to a microbiota similar to that of controls. Conclusions Different subgingival microbiota profiles were identified-a less diverse microbiota was found in patients infected with HIV-1, in contrast to a more diverse microbiota in controls. NSPD caused changes in the microbiota of both groups, with a greater impact on the HIV group, leading to a decrease in alpha diversity, and produced a positive impact on the serological immune markers in patients infected with HIV-1. Control of periodontitis should be included as part of an oral primary care, providing the oral health benefits and better control of HIV-1 infection. (AU)

• Processo FAPESP: 18/23031-2 - Relação entre a infecção pelo vírus da imunodeficiência humana (HIV-1) e a periodontite.
• Beneficiário: Ana Carolina Fragoso Motta
• Modalidade de apoio: Auxílio à Pesquisa - Regular
• Processo FAPESP: 16/22476-5 - Influência do tratamento periodontal sobre os níveis de marcadores inflamatórios orais em pacientes infectados pelo HIV
• Beneficiário: Vanessa de Oliveira Teles
• Modalidade de apoio: Bolsas no Brasil - Iniciação Científica
• Processo FAPESP: 20/07862-1 - Extração de DNA, amplificação por PCR e sequenciamento para análise do perfil microbiológico gengival pela técnica 16S rDNA-based PCR
• Beneficiário: Diana Estefania Ramos Peña
• Modalidade de apoio: Bolsas no Brasil - Programa Capacitação - Treinamento Técnico