Different Species of Marine Sponges Diverge in Osteogenic Potential When Therapeutically Applied as Natural Scaffolds for Bone Regeneration in Rats

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Santos, Cintia P. G. ; Prado, Joao P. S. ; Fernandes, Kelly R. R. ; Kido, Hueliton W. W. ; Dorileo, Bianca P. P. ; Parisi, Julia R. R. ; Silva, Jonas A. A. ; Cruz, Matheus A. A. ; Custodio, Marcio R. ; Renno, Ana C. M. ; Granito, Renata N. N.

• Tipo de documento: Artigo Científico
• Fonte: JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL BIOMATERIALS; v. 14, n. 3, p. 19-pg., 2023-03-01.

Resumo

A highly porous structure, and an inorganic (biosilica) and collagen-like organic content (spongin) makes marine sponges potential candidates to be used as natural scaffolds in bone tissue engineering. The aim of this study was to characterize (through SEM, FTIR, EDS, XRD, pH, mass degradation and porosity tests) scaffolds produced from two species of marine sponges, Dragmacidon reticulatum (DR) and Amphimedon viridis (AV), and to evaluate the osteogenic potential of these scaffolds by using a bone defect model in rats. First, it was shown that the same chemical composition and porosity (84 +/- 5% for DR and 90 +/- 2% for AV) occurs among scaffolds from the two species. Higher material degradation was observed in the scaffolds of the DR group, with a greater loss of organic matter after incubation. Later, scaffolds from both species were surgically introduced in rat tibial defects, and histopathological analysis after 15 days showed the presence of neo-formed bone and osteoid tissue within the bone defect in DR, always around the silica spicules. In turn, AV exhibited a fibrous capsule around the lesion (19.9 +/- 17.1%), no formation of bone tissue and only a small amount of osteoid tissue. The results showed that scaffolds manufactured from Dragmacidon reticulatum presented a more suitable structure for stimulation of osteoid tissue formation when compared to Amphimedon viridis marine sponge species. (AU)

• Processo FAPESP: 19/10228-5 - Rede interdisciplinar para o desenvolvimento biotecnológico de biomateriais de origem marinha para uso na saúde humana: acometimentos patológicos do sistema osteoarticular
• Beneficiário: Ana Claudia Muniz Renno
• Modalidade de apoio: Auxílio à Pesquisa - Temático
• Processo FAPESP: 21/04957-4 - Um novo biovidro do sistema SiO2-Na2O-CaO-P2O5, desenvolvido a partir de biosílica extraída de esponjas marinhas, para emprego na engenharia do tecido ósseo: da concepção à aplicação pré-clínica experimental
• Beneficiário: Renata Neves Granito
• Modalidade de apoio: Auxílio à Pesquisa - Regular