Exploring the potential of sugarcane straw biochar: Insights into N2O emissions and microbial functional genes

Autor(es)

Gabetto, Fernanda Palmeira ; Tenelli, Sarah ; Netto-Ferreira, Julia Barra ; Gonzaga, Leandro Carolino ; Isidorio, Maria Andresa Santos ; Carvalho, Joap Luis Nunes

• Tipo de documento: Artigo Científico
• Fonte: BIOMASS & BIOENERGY; v. 182, p. 11-pg., 2024-01-24.

Resumo

Sugarcane straw has been considered a promising cost-effective feedstock for bioenergy production through pyrolysis. Straw-based biochar is a by-product from biomass pyrolysis that has the potential to mitigate nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions. However, the understanding of how biochar influences N2O emissions remains limited. This study assessed the effects of sugarcane straw-based biochar on soil N2O emissions and its interaction with functional genes associated with N2O production and consumption in tropical conditions. A greenhouse experiment was conducted for 60 days to evaluate the following treatments: control (CTR), N fertilizer (NF), NF + 15 Mg ha-1 straw (NF + S); NF + 5 Mg ha-1 biochar (NF + B5); and NF + 10 Mg ha-1 biochar (NF + B10). Results showed that N2O emissions were 73 % higher in the NF + S than in the biochar treatments. However, biochar treatments did not reduce N2O emissions compared to NF. Soil N-NH4 +availability was reduced under NF + S but was greater in biochar treatments at initial sampling time-points. High soil C content was observed in the NF + B10. Although NF + S increased sugarcane biomass, it registered the highest N2O-yield scaled emission. N2Oyield scaled emissions in NF + B5 and NF + B10 were 63 % and 62 % lower than in NF + S. The NF + S increased the abundance of AOB-amoA genes, suggesting that nitrification was the major N2O-producing pathway. Conversely, biochar effects on soil N2O emissions were not correlated with nitrification or denitrification genes. Thus, converting sugarcane straw into biochar is feasible strategy to reduce N2O emissions and increase soil C sequestration in tropical soil. (AU)

• Processo FAPESP: 16/50403-2 - Valorização da cadeia produtiva descentralizada de biomassa visando a produção de biocombustíveis avançados: desenvolvimento e avaliação de rotas termoquímicas integradas à produção de biomassas e a rotas bioquímicas
• Beneficiário: Antonio Maria Francisco Luiz Jose Bonomi
• Modalidade de apoio: Auxílio à Pesquisa - Parceria para Inovação Tecnológica - PITE
• Processo FAPESP: 22/07665-7 - Sistema de integração lavoura-pecuária como estratégia para estocar e estabilizar carbono no solo na agricultura Brasileira
• Beneficiário: Sarah Tenelli
• Modalidade de apoio: Bolsas no Brasil - Pós-Doutorado
• Processo FAPESP: 21/02691-7 - Implicações da aplicação de biochar nas emissões N2O do solo e na produção de biomassa
• Beneficiário: Fernanda Palmeira Gabetto
• Modalidade de apoio: Bolsas no Brasil - Programa Capacitação - Treinamento Técnico
• Processo FAPESP: 21/11995-0 - Uso de biochar na agricultura: implicações nas emissões de N2O e na comunidade microbiana do solo
• Beneficiário: Fernanda Palmeira Gabetto
• Modalidade de apoio: Bolsas no Brasil - Mestrado