Isoprene nitrates drive new particle formation in Amazon's upper troposphere

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Curtius, Joachim ; Heinritzi, Martin ; Beck, Lisa J. ; Poehlker, Mira L. ; Tripathi, Nidhi ; Krumm, Bianca E. ; Holzbeck, Philip ; Nussbaumer, Clara M. ; Pardo, Lianet Hernandez ; Klimach, Thomas ; Barmpounis, Konstantinos ; Andersen, Simone T. ; Bardakov, Roman ; Bohn, Birger ; Cecchini, Micael A. ; Chaboureau, Jean-Pierre ; Dauhut, Thibaut ; Dienhart, Dirk ; Doerich, Raphael ; Edtbauer, Achim ; Giez, Andreas ; Hartmann, Antonia ; Holanda, Bruna A. ; Joppe, Philipp ; Kaiser, Katharina ; Keber, Timo ; Klebach, Hannah ; Krueger, Ovid O. ; Kuerten, Andreas ; Mallaun, Christian ; Marno, Daniel ; Martinez, Monica ; Monteiro, Carolina ; Nelson, Carolina ; Ort, Linda ; Raj, Subha S. ; Richter, Sarah ; Ringsdorf, Akima ; Rocha, Fabio ; Simon, Mario ; Sreekumar, Sreedev ; Tsokankunku, Anywhere ; Unfer, Gabriela R. ; Valenti, Isabella D. ; Wang, Nijing ; Zahn, Andreas ; Zauner-Wieczorek, Marcel ; Albrecht, Rachel I. ; Andreae, Meinrat O. ; Artaxo, Paulo ; Crowley, John N. ; Fischer, Horst ; Harder, Hartwig ; Herdies, Dirceu L. ; Machado, Luiz A. T. ; Poehlker, Christopher ; Poeschl, Ulrich ; Possner, Anna ; Pozzer, Andrea ; Schneider, Johannes ; Williams, Jonathan ; Lelieveld, Jos

• Tipo de documento: Artigo Científico
• Fonte: Nature; v. 636, n. 8041, p. 23-pg., 2024-12-05.

Resumo

New particle formation (NPF) in the tropical upper troposphere is a globally important source of atmospheric aerosols1, 2, 3-4. It is known to occur over the Amazon basin, but the nucleation mechanism and chemical precursors have yet to be identified2. Here we present comprehensive in situ aircraft measurements showing that extremely low-volatile oxidation products of isoprene, particularly certain organonitrates, drive NPF in the Amazonian upper troposphere. The organonitrates originate from OH-initiated oxidation of isoprene from forest emissions in the presence of nitrogen oxides from lightning. Nucleation bursts start about 2 h after sunrise in the outflow of nocturnal deep convection, producing high aerosol concentrations of more than 50,000 particles cm-3. We report measurements of characteristic diurnal cycles of precursor gases and particles. Our observations show that the interplay between biogenic isoprene, deep tropical convection with associated lightning, oxidation photochemistry and the low ambient temperature uniquely promotes NPF. The particles grow over time, undergo long-range transport and descend through subsidence to the lower troposphere, in which they can serve as cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) that influence the Earth's hydrological cycle, radiation budget and climate1,4, 5, 6, 7-8. (AU)

• Processo FAPESP: 22/01780-9 - Detecção da formação de novas partículas no ATTO: avaliação do efeito convectivo da nuvem
• Beneficiário: Gabriela Rosalino Unfer
• Modalidade de apoio: Bolsas no Exterior - Estágio de Pesquisa - Mestrado
• Processo FAPESP: 21/03547-7 - Interações entre aerossóis e eventos de tempo na Amazônia
• Beneficiário: Gabriela Rosalino Unfer
• Modalidade de apoio: Bolsas no Brasil - Mestrado
• Processo FAPESP: 22/13257-9 - Correlacionando o nível de organização de campos de nuvens convectivas aos ciclos hidrológico e de aerossóis na Amazônia (CLOUDORG)
• Beneficiário: Micael Amore Cecchini
• Modalidade de apoio: Auxílio à Pesquisa - Programa de Pesquisa sobre Mudanças Climáticas Globais - Jovens Pesquisadores