Genome structure of a Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain widely used in bioethanol production

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Argueso, Juan Lucas ^[1] ; Carazzolle, Marcelo F. ^[2] ; Mieczkowski, Piotr A. ^[3] ; Duarte, Fabiana M. ^[2] ; Netto, Osmar V. C. ^[2] ; Missawa, Silvia K. ^[2] ; Galzerani, Felipe ^[2] ; Costa, Gustavo G. L. ^[2] ; Vidal, Ramon O. ^[2] ; Noronha, Melline F. ^[2] ; Dominska, Margaret ^[1] ; Andrietta, Maria G. S. ^[4] ; Andrietta, Silvio R. ^[4] ; Cunha, Anderson F. ^[5] ; Gomes, Luiz H. ^[6] ; Tavares, Flavio C. A. ^[6] ; Alcarde, Andre R. ^[7] ; Dietrich, Fred S. ^{[1, 8]} ; McCusker, John H. ^[1] ; Petes, Thomas D. ^[1] ; Pereira, Goncalo A. G. ^[2]

Afiliação do(s) autor(es)

^[1] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Mol Genet & Microbiol, Durham, NC 27710 - USA

^[2] Univ Estadual Campinas, Inst Biol, Dept Genet & Evolucao, Lab Genom & Expressao, BR-13083970 Campinas, SP - Brazil

^[3] Univ N Carolina, Sch Med, Dept Genet, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 - USA

^[4] Univ Estadual Campinas, Ctr Pluridisciplinar Pesquisas Quim & Biol, Lab Biotecnol & Bioproc, BR-13081970 Campinas, SP - Brazil

^[5] Univ Fed Sao Carlos, CCBS, Dept Genet & Evolucao, BR-13565905 Sao Carlos, SP - Brazil

^[6] Univ Sao Paulo, Dept Genet, BR-13418900 Piracicaba, SP - Brazil

^[7] Univ Sao Paulo, Escola Super Agr Luiz de Queiroz, Dept Agroind Alimentos & Nutr, BR-13418900 Piracicaba, SP - Brazil

^[8] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Inst Genome Sci & Policy, Durham, NC 27710 - USA

• Tipo de documento: Artigo Científico
• Fonte: Genome Research; v. 19, n. 12, p. 2258-2270, DEC 2009.
• Citações Web of Science: 174

Resumo

Bioethanol is a biofuel produced mainly from the fermentation of carbohydrates derived from agricultural feedstocks by the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. One of the most widely adopted strains is PE-2, a heterothallic diploid naturally adapted to the sugar cane fermentation process used in Brazil. Here we report the molecular genetic analysis of a PE-2 derived diploid (JAY270), and the complete genome sequence of a haploid derivative (JAY291). The JAY270 genome is highly heterozygous (similar to 2 SNPs/kb) and has several structural polymorphisms between homologous chromosomes. These chromosomal rearrangements are confined to the peripheral regions of the chromosomes, with breakpoints within repetitive DNA sequences. Despite its complex karyotype, this diploid, when sporulated, had a high frequency of viable spores. Hybrid diploids formed by outcrossing with the laboratory strain S288c also displayed good spore viability. Thus, the rearrangements that exist near the ends of chromosomes do not impair meiosis, as they do not span regions that contain essential genes. This observation is consistent with a model in which the peripheral regions of chromosomes represent plastic domains of the genome that are free to recombine ectopically and experiment with alternative structures. We also explored features of the JAY270 and JAY291 genomes that help explain their high adaptation to industrial environments, exhibiting desirable phenotypes such as high ethanol and cell mass production and high temperature and oxidative stress tolerance. The genomic manipulation of such strains could enable the creation of a new generation of industrial organisms, ideally suited for use as delivery vehicles for future bioenergy technologies. (AU)

• Processo FAPESP: 07/58336-3 - Rotas verdes para o propeno
• Beneficiário: Gonçalo Amarante Guimarães Pereira
• Modalidade de apoio: Auxílio à Pesquisa - Parceria para Inovação Tecnológica - PITE