Aerobic Exercise Training Prevents the Onset of Endothelial Dysfunction via Increased Nitric Oxide Bioavailability and Reduced Reactive Oxygen Species in an Experimental Model of Menopause

Autor(es)

Braga, Viviane A. V. N. ^[1] ; Couto, Gisele K. ^[2] ; Lazzarin, Mariana C. ^[1] ; Rossoni, Luciana V. ^[2] ; Medeiros, Alessandra ^[1]

Afiliação do(s) autor(es)

^[1] Univ Fed Sao Paulo, Dept Biosci, Sao Paulo - Brazil

^[2] Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Biomed Sci, Dept Physiol & Biophys, Sao Paulo - Brazil

• Tipo de documento: Artigo Científico
• Fonte: PLoS One; v. 10, n. 4 APR 29 2015.
• Citações Web of Science: 11

Resumo

Objective Previous studies have shown that estrogen deficiency, arising in postmenopause, promotes endothelial dysfunction. This study evaluated the effects of aerobic exercise training on endothelial dependent vasodilation of aorta in ovariectomized rats, specifically investigating the role of nitric oxide (NO) and reactive oxygen species (ROS). Methods Female Wistar rats ovariectomized (OVX - n= 20) or with intact ovary (SHAM - n= 20) remained sedentary (OVX and SHAM) or performed aerobic exercise training on a treadmill 5 times a week for a period of 8 weeks (OVX-TRA and SHAM-TRA). In the thoracic aorta the endothelium-dependent and - independent vasodilation was assessed by acetylcholine (ACh) and sodium nitroprusside (SNP), respectively. Certain aortic rings were incubated with L-NAME to assess the NO modulation on the ACh-induced vasodilation. The fluorescence to dihydroethidium in aortic slices and plasma nitrite/nitrate concentrations were measured to evaluate ROS and NO bioavailability, respectively. Results ACh-induced vasodilation was reduced in OVX rats as compared SHAM (Rmax: SHAM: 86 +/-3.3 vs. OVX: 57+/-3.0%, p<0.01). Training prevented this response in OVX-TRA (Rmax: OVX-TRA: 88+/-2.0%, p<0.01), while did not change it in SHAM-TRA (Rmax: SHAM-TRA: 80+/-2.2%, p<0.01). The L-NAME incubation abolished the differences in ACh-induced relaxation among groups. SNP-induced vasodilation was not different among groups. OVX reduced nitrite/nitrate plasma concentrations and increased ROS in aortic slices, training as effective to restore these parameters to the SHAM levels. Conclusions Exercise training, even in estrogen deficiency conditions, is able to improve endothelial dependent vasodilation in rat aorta via enhanced NO bioavailability and reduced ROS levels. (AU)

• Processo FAPESP: 12/17709-0 - Efeito do treinamento físico aeróbico sobre a resposta vasomotora de ratas ovariectomizadas.
• Beneficiário: Viviane Aparecida Vieira Nogueira Braga
• Modalidade de apoio: Bolsas no Brasil - Mestrado
• Processo FAPESP: 10/50048-1 - Bases celulares e funcionais do exercício físico na doença cardiovascular
• Beneficiário: Carlos Eduardo Negrão
• Modalidade de apoio: Auxílio à Pesquisa - Temático