Multifactorial genetic divergence processes drive the onset of speciation in an Amazonian fish

Autor(es)

de Queiroz, Luiz Jardim ^[1] ; Torrente-Vilara, Gislene ^[2] ; Quilodran, Claudio ^{[3, 1]} ; da Costa Doria, Carolina Rodrigues ^[4] ; Montoya-Burgos, Juan I. ^{[3, 1]}

Afiliação do(s) autor(es)

^[1] Univ Geneva, Dept Genet & Evolut, Geneva - Switzerland

^[2] Univ Fed Sao Paulo, Dept Marine Sci, Campus Baixada Santista, Santos, SP - Brazil

^[3] Univ Geneva, Inst Genet & Genom Geneva iGE3, Geneva - Switzerland

^[4] Univ Fed Rondonia, Dept Biol, Porto Velho, RO - Brazil

• Tipo de documento: Artigo Científico
• Fonte: PLoS One; v. 12, n. 12 DEC 20 2017.
• Citações Web of Science: 0

Resumo

Understanding the processes that drive population genetic divergence in the Amazon is challenging because of the vast scale, the environmental richness and the outstanding bio-diversity of the region. We addressed this issue by determining the genetic structure of the widespread Amazonian common sardine fish Triportheus albus (Characidae). We then examined the influence, on this species, of all previously proposed population-structuring factors, including isolation-by-distance, isolation-by-barrier (the Teotonio Falls) and isolation-by-environment using variables that describe floodplain and water characteristics. The population genetics analyses revealed an unusually strong structure with three geographical groups: Negro/Tapajos rivers, Lower Madeira/Central Amazon, and Upper Madeira. Distance-based redundancy analyses showed that the optimal model for explaining the extreme genetic structure contains all proposed structuring factors and accounts for up to 70% of the genetic structure. We further quantified the contribution of each factor via a variance-partitioning analysis. Our results demonstrate that multiple factors, often proposed as individual drivers of population divergence, have acted in conjunction to divide T. albus into three genetic lineages. Because the conjunction of multiple long-standing population-structuring processes may lead to population reproductive isolation, that is, the onset of speciation, we suggest that the multifactorial population-structuring processes highlighted in this study could account for the high speciation rate characterising the Amazon Basin. (AU)

• Processo FAPESP: 16/07910-0 - A sub-bacia do Rio Javari no contexto do projeto "Peixes amazônicos e mudanças climáticas - AMAZONFISH"
• Beneficiário: Gislene Torrente Vilara
• Linha de fomento: Auxílio à Pesquisa - Regular