Persistent effects of fragmentation on tropical rainforest canopy structure after 20 yr of isolation

Autor(es):Mostrar menos -

Almeida, Danilo R. A. ^[1] ; Stark, Scott C. ^[2] ; Schietti, Juliana ^[3] ; Camargo, Jose L. C. ^{[4, 5]} ; Amazonas, Nino T. ^[1] ; Gorgens, Eric B. ^[6] ; Rosa, Diogo M. ^[3] ; Smith, Marielle N. ^[2] ; Valbuena, Ruben ^{[7, 8]} ; Saleska, Scott ^[9] ; Andrade, Ana ^{[4, 5]} ; Mesquita, Rita ^{[4, 5, 3]} ; Laurance, Susan G. ^[10] ; Laurance, William F. ^[9] ; Lovejoy, Thomas E. ^{[4, 5]} ; Broadbent, Eben N. ^[11] ; Shimabukuro, Yosio E. ^[12] ; Parker, Geoffrey G. ^[13] ; Lefsky, Michael ^[14] ; Silva, Carlos A. ^[15] ; Brancalion, Pedro H. S. ^[1]

Afiliação do(s) autor(es):Mostrar menos -

^[1] Univ Sao Paulo, Luiz de Queiroz Coll Agr, Dept Forest Sci, USP ESALQ, Ave Padua Dias 11, BR-13418900 Piracicaba, SP - Brazil

^[2] Michigan State Univ, Dept Forestry, E Lansing, MI 48824 - USA

^[3] Natl Inst Amazonian Res INPA, Ave Andre Araiijo, BR-69067375 Manaus, Amazonas - Brazil

^[4] Natl Inst Amazonian Res INPA, BDFFP, BR-69067375 Manaus, Amazonas - Brazil

^[5] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, BR-69067375 Manaus, Amazonas - Brazil

^[6] Fed Univ Vales Jequitinhonlia & Mucuri, Dept Forestry, Campus JK, Rodovia MGT 367 Km 583, 5000, Diamantina - Brazil

^[7] Univ Cambridge, Dept Plant Sci Forest Ecol & Conservat, Downing St, Cambridge CB2 3EA - England

^[8] Bangor Univ, Sch Nat Sci, Bangor LL57 2UW, Gwynedd - Wales

^[9] Univ Arizona, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, 1041 E Lowell St, Tucson, AZ 85721 - USA

^[10] James Cook Univ, Ctr Trop Environm & Sustainabil Sci, Coll Sci & Engn, Cairns, Qld 4878 - Australia

^[11] Univ Florida, Sch Forest Ecol & Conservat, Spatial Ecol & Conservat Lab, 303 Reed Lab, Gainesville, FL 32611 - USA

^[12] Natl Inst Space Res INPE, Ave Astronautas, BR-12201 Sao Jose Dos Campos, SP - Brazil

^[13] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, 647 Contees Wharf Rd, Edgewater, MD 21037 - USA

^[14] Colorado State Univ, Dept Ecosyst Sci & Sustainabil, Ft Collins, CO 80523 - USA

^[15] NASA, Biosci Lab, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Laurel, MD 20707 - USA

• Tipo de documento: Artigo Científico
• Fonte: Ecological Applications; v. 29, n. 6 JULY 2019.
• Citações Web of Science: 1

Resumo

Assessing the persistent impacts of fragmentation on aboveground structure of tropical forests is essential to understanding the consequences of land use change for carbon storage and other ecosystem functions. We investigated the influence of edge distance and fragment size on canopy structure, aboveground woody biomass (AGB), and AGB turnover in the Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project (BDFFP) in central Amazon, Brazil, after 22+ yr of fragment isolation, by combining canopy variables collected with portable canopy profiling lidar and airborne laser scanning surveys with long-term forest inventories. Forest height decreased by 30% at edges of large fragments (>10 ha) and interiors of small fragments (<3 ha). In larger fragments, canopy height was reduced up to 40 m from edges. Leaf area density profiles differed near edges: the density of understory vegetation was higher and midstory vegetation lower, consistent with canopy reorganization via increased regeneration of pioneers following post-fragmentation mortality of large trees. However, canopy openness and leaf area index remained similar to control plots throughout fragments, while canopy spatial heterogeneity was generally lower at edges. AGB stocks and fluxes were positively related to canopy height and negatively related to spatial heterogeneity. Other forest structure variables typically used to assess the ecological impacts of fragmentation (basal area, density of individuals, and density of pioneer trees) were also related to lidar-derived canopy surface variables. Canopy reorganization through the replacement of edge-sensitive species by disturbance-tolerant ones may have mitigated the biomass loss effects due to fragmentation observed in the earlier years of BDFFP. Lidar technology offered novel insights and observational scales for analysis of the ecological impacts of fragmentation on forest structure and function, specifically aboveground biomass storage. (AU)

• Processo FAPESP: 18/21338-3 - Monitoramento da restauração de paisagens florestais usando veículo aéreo não tripulado com sensoriamento remoto Lidar e hiperespectral
• Beneficiário: Danilo Roberti Alves de Almeida
• Modalidade de apoio: Bolsas no Brasil - Pós-Doutorado
• Processo FAPESP: 16/05219-9 - Monitoramento de programas de restauração de paisagens florestais por meio de sensoriamento remoto LiDAR.
• Beneficiário: Danilo Roberti Alves de Almeida
• Modalidade de apoio: Bolsas no Brasil - Doutorado