Gender quotas and placement mandates in open and closed lists: Similar effects, different mechanisms

Autor(es)

Correa, Diego Sanches ^[1] ; Chaves, Vanilda Souza ^[1]

Afiliação do(s) autor(es)

^[1] Fed Univ ABC, Engn Modeling & Appl Social Sci Ctr, Rua Arcturus 03, BR-09606070 Sao Bernardo Do Campo, SP - Brazil

• Tipo de documento: Artigo Científico
• Fonte: ELECTORAL STUDIES; v. 66, AUG 2020.
• Citações Web of Science: 0

Resumo

In this paper, we argue that placement mandates, that is, regulations for gender ordering in party lists, enhance gender quotas' effectiveness in proportional representation electoral systems, independently of list type. In closed-list systems, placement mandates increase women's representation automatically as a result of the electoral rules, and, for this reason, we call this effect mechanical. In open-list systems, the effect is also strong due to systematic patterns of electoral behavior. We call this effect psychological. In order to demonstrate this, we analyze 140 Latin American legislative elections carried out between 1990 and 2018. Then, we compare the two most similar cases of open-list systems with different rules for placement mandates to illustrate the occurrence of the psychological effect. This is the first article to argue that placement mandates have similar effects in both kinds of lists as a function of distinct mechanisms. (AU)

• Processo FAPESP: 17/16734-4 - Cotas de gênero, representação feminina e políticas de defesa dos direitos das mulheres na América Latina
• Beneficiário: Vanilda Souza Chaves
• Modalidade de apoio: Bolsas no Brasil - Mestrado