Impact dynamics for gravity-driven motion of a particle

Autor(es)

Villegas, Cesar E. P. ^{[1, 2]} ; Rojas, Wudmir Y. ^[3] ; Bravo, Carlos ^[1] ; Rocha, Alexandre R. ^[4]

Afiliação do(s) autor(es)

^[1] Univ Privada Norte, Dept Ciencias, Lima 15434 - Peru

^[2] Univ Nacl Mayor San Marcos, Fac Ciencias Fis, Lima 15081 - Peru

^[3] Acad Sci Czech Republ, Inst Phys, Cukrovarnicka 10, Prague 16200 - Czech Republic

^[4] Univ Estadual Paulista UNESP, Inst Fis Teor, Rua Dr Bento T Ferraz 271, BR-01140070 Sao Paulo, SP - Brazil

• Tipo de documento: Artigo Científico
• Fonte: European Journal of Physics; v. 42, n. 1 JAN 2021.
• Citações Web of Science: 0

Resumo

Introductory mechanics courses use the bouncing ball model to familiarize students with the principles of binary inelastic collisions. Nonetheless, in undergraduate courses, the modeling of binary systems typically disregards the time of contact and the effects of gravity, which yields to a constant coefficient of restitution (COR) and, as a consequence, prevents students from elucidating the real dependence of COR with impact speed. In this work, we proposed a simple experimental setup to investigate the impact dynamics of a spring-mass body that bounces on a rigid plate as well as a theoretical framework that captures the velocity dependence of the COR for low-impact speeds. Our analytical expression for the COR highlights the role-played by gravity, impact speed and collision time on the collision dynamics. Our results suggest that the inclusion of gravity force allows an adequate estimation of the critical impact speed and maximum deformation distance, crucial parameters to differentiate between repulsive and attractive interaction regimes. Our experimental setup enables the clarification of several key concepts of mechanics while it is easy to be performed in most undergraduate laboratories. (AU)

• Processo FAPESP: 12/24227-1 - Estudo das propriedades óticas e de transferência de carga em células fotovoltaicas orgânicas: simulações ab-initio
• Beneficiário: César Enrique Pérez Villegas
• Modalidade de apoio: Bolsas no Brasil - Pós-Doutorado