Neurobiology of glycine transporters: From molecules to behavior

Autor(es):Mostrar menos -

Marques, Bruno Lemes ^[1] ; Oliveira-Lima, Onesia Cristina ^[1] ; Carvalho, Gustavo Almeida ^[1] ; Chiarelli, Raphaela de Almeida ^[1] ; Ribeiro, Raul Izidoro ^[1] ; Parreira, Ricardo Cambraia ^[1] ; da Madeira Freitas, Elis Marra ^[1] ; Resende, Rodrigo Ribeiro ^[2] ; Klempin, Friederike ^[3] ; Ulrich, Henning ^[4] ; Gomez, Renato Santiago ^[5] ; Xavier Pinto, Mauro Cunha ^[1]

Afiliação do(s) autor(es)

^[1] Univ Fed Goias, Inst Ciencias Biol, Lab Neuroquim & Neurofarmacol Neurolab, Goiania, Go - Brazil

^[2] Univ Fed Minas Gerais, Inst Ciencias Biol, Belo Horizonte, MG - Brazil

^[3] Max Delbruck Ctr Mol Med, Berlin - Germany

^[4] Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Quim, Dept Bioquim, Sao Paulo, SP - Brazil

^[5] Univ Fed Minas Gerais, Fac Med, Dept Cirurgia, Belo Horizonte, MG - Brazil

• Tipo de documento: Artigo Científico
• Fonte: NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS; v. 118, p. 97-110, NOV 2020.
• Citações Web of Science: 0

Resumo

Glycine transporters (GlyTs) are Na+/Cl--dependent neurotransmitter transporters, responsible for L-glycine uptake into the central nervous system. GlyTs are members of the solute carrier family 6 (SLC6) and comprise glycine transporter type 1 (SLC6A9; GlyT1) and glycine transporter type 2 (SLC6A5; Glyt2). GlyT1 and GlyT2 are expressed on both astrocytes and neurons, but their expression pattern in brain tissue is foremost related to neurotransmission. GlyT2 is markedly expressed in brainstem, spinal cord and cerebellum, where it is responsible for glycine uptake into glycinergic and GABAergic terminals. GlyT1 is abundant in neocortex, thalamus and hippocampus, where it is expressed in astrocytes, and involved in glutamatergic neurotransmission. Consequently, inhibition of GlyT1 transporters can modulate glutamatergic neurotransmission through NMDA receptors, suggesting an alternative therapeutic strategy. In this review, we focus on recent progress in the understanding of GlyTs role in brain function and in various diseases, such as epilepsy, hyperekplexia, neuropathic pain, drug addiction, schizophrenia and stroke, as well as in neurodegenerative disorders. (AU)

• Processo FAPESP: 18/08426-0 - Alcalóides indólicos, subprodutos do processamento de Maqui (Aristotelia chilensis) como aditivos alimentares no tratamento da Doença de Alzheimer
• Beneficiário: Alexander Henning Ulrich
• Modalidade de apoio: Auxílio à Pesquisa - Regular