Wild rice (O. latifolia) from natural ecosystems in the Pantanal region of Brazil: Host to Fusarium incarnatum-equiseti species complex and highly contaminated by zearalenone

Autor(es)

Tralamazza, Sabina Moser ^[1] ; Piacentini, Karim Cristina ^[1] ; Savi, Geovana Dagostim ^[2] ; Carnielli-Queiroz, Lorena ^[1] ; Fontes, Livia de Carvalho ^[1] ; Martins, Camila Siedlarczyk ^[3] ; Correa, Benedito ^[1] ; Rocha, Liliana Oliveira ^[3]

Afiliação do(s) autor(es)

^[1] Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Biomed Sci, Dept Microbiol, Sao Paulo - Brazil

^[2] Univ Southern Santa Catarina UNESC, Sci & Technol Pk, Criciuma, SC - Brazil

^[3] Univ Estadual Campinas, Food Engn Fac, Dept Food Sci, Campinas - Brazil

• Tipo de documento: Artigo Científico
• Fonte: International Journal of Food Microbiology; v. 345, MAY 2 2021.
• Citações Web of Science: 0

Resumo

We assessed the mycobiota diversity and mycotoxin levels present in wild rice (Oryza latifolia) from the Pantanal region of Brazil; fundamental aspects of which are severely understudied as an edible plant from a natural ecosystem. We found multiple fungal species contaminating the rice samples; the most frequent genera being Fusarium, Nigrospora and Cladosporium (35.9%, 26.1% and 15%, respectively). Within the Fusarium genus, the wild rice samples were mostly contaminated by the Fusarium incarnatum-equiseti species complex (FIESC) (80%) along with Fusarium fujikuroi species complex (20%). Phylogenetic analysis supported multiple FIESC species and gave support to the presence of two putative new groups within the complex (LN1 and LN2). Deoxynivalenol (DON) and zearalenone (ZEN) chemical analysis showed that most of the isolates were DON/ZEN producers and some were defined as high ZEN producers, displaying abundant ZEN levels over DON (over 19 times more). Suggesting that ZEN likely has a key adaptive role for FIESC in wild rice (O. latifolia). Mycotoxin determination in the rice samples revealed high frequency of ZEN, and 85% of rice samples had levels >100 ?g/kg; the recommended limit set by regulatory agencies. DON was only detected in 5.2% of the samples. Our data shows that FIESC species are the main source of ZEN contamination in wild rice and the excessive levels of ZEN found in the rice samples raises considerable safety concerns regarding wild rice consumption by humans and animals. (AU)

• Processo FAPESP: 16/04364-5 - Diversidade do complexo de espécies Fusarium graminearum provenientes de grãos de trigo e gramíneas nativas do Brasil.
• Beneficiário: Benedito Corrêa
• Modalidade de apoio: Auxílio à Pesquisa - Regular
• Processo FAPESP: 17/04811-4 - Estrutura populacional do complexo de espécies Fusarium graminearum e perfil da contaminação por micotoxinas em cevada cultivada e selvagem do Brasil
• Beneficiário: Liliana de Oliveira Rocha
• Modalidade de apoio: Auxílio à Pesquisa - Jovens Pesquisadores
• Processo FAPESP: 15/21378-7 - Detecção do perfil toxigênico e identificação do complexo de espécies Fusarium graminearum através da espectroscopia de infravermelho
• Beneficiário: Sabina Moser Tralamazza
• Modalidade de apoio: Bolsas no Brasil - Pós-Doutorado