Trophic relationships between the crab Libinia ferreirae and its symbionts

Autor(es)

Lemos Goncalves, Geslaine Rafaela ^[1] ; Melo dos Santos, Pedro Vinicius ^[1] ; Costa, Vladimir Eliodoro ^[2] ; Negreiros-Fransozo, Maria Lucia ^[1] ; Bearhop, Stuart ^[3] ; Castilho, Antonio Leao ^[1]

Afiliação do(s) autor(es)

^[1] Sao Paulo State Univ UNESP, Inst Biosci, Dept Zool, Grp Studies Crustacean Biol Ecol & Culture NEBECC, BR-18618970 Botucatu, SP - Brazil

^[2] Sao Paulo State Univ UNESP, Stable Isotopes Ctr CIE, Inst Biosci, BR-18618689 Botucatu, SP - Brazil

^[3] Univ Exeter, Ctr Ecol & Conservat, Penryn Campus, Penryn TR10 9EZ, Cornwall - England

• Tipo de documento: Artigo Científico
• Fonte: MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH; v. 171, OCT 2021.
• Citações Web of Science: 0

Resumo

Symbioses are ubiquitous in the animal kingdom. However, in most cases, the role of each member is relatively fixed, and it is rare for the same species to exhibit different symbiotic behaviours throughout its ontogeny. Here, we use stable isotope analyses of food resources to identify the relationships between the spider crab Libinia ferreirae as a symbiont of its jellyfish host during juvenile life stages and as a host for sea anemone epibionts on its carapace as an adult. We ask the following questions: How do the food sources used by the crab change between its juvenile and adult phase? How does the symbiotic relationship change when the crab develops from a juvenile into an adult? We were particularly interested in the extent to which L. ferreirae juveniles feed on jellyfish hosts versus planktonic prey during the juvenile symbiont phase and how adults feed on their epibionts during the freeliving phase. delta 13C of L. ferreirae differed between juvenile (associated with the jellyfish) and adult stages (freeliving), unsurprisingly suggesting that there is little isotopic niche overlap between these life phases. SIMMr models using delta 13C and delta 15N of the crab and its potential food sources indicated that the juvenile crab symbionts did not derive any significant nutrition from medusae and relied predominantly on zooplankton prey. Since juvenile crabs do not have structures to capture zooplankton for feeding, we suggest that they may be kleptoparasites, stealing zooplankton food from their host, though further work is needed to identify the form that such a symbiosis might take. The nutrition of free-living crabs was predominantly derived from benthic algae and shrimps rather than from epibionts. These epibionts appear to use similar food resources as the host, suggesting a symbiotic relationship more akin to mutualism. Thus, the crabs move from a symbiosis in which they may act as parasites to one where they act as hosts. Such flexible approaches to symbioses may be more common than currently described, particularly in species with different functional roles during individual life stages. (AU)

• Processo FAPESP: 18/01659-0 - Ecologia e estrutura trófica do caranguejo aranha Libinia ferreirae (Decapoda: Majoidea) no litoral sul de São Paulo
• Beneficiário: Geslaine Rafaela Lemos Gonçalves
• Modalidade de apoio: Bolsas no Brasil - Doutorado
• Processo FAPESP: 19/00105-3 - Aplicação dos modelos de mistura isotópica na ecologia à estrutura trófica do caranguejo-aranha Libinia ferreirae (Decapoda: Majoidea)
• Beneficiário: Geslaine Rafaela Lemos Gonçalves
• Modalidade de apoio: Bolsas no Exterior - Estágio de Pesquisa - Doutorado