Adaptive PAM-4/PAM-8 graphene-based electro-optical modulator integrated into a polymer waveguide platform for data-center communication

Autor(es)

Camacho, W. A. ; de Carvalho, M. M. ; Ramirez, J. C. ; de Souza, E. A. Thoroh ; Saito, L. A. M.

• Tipo de documento: Artigo Científico
• Fonte: OPTICS AND LASER TECHNOLOGY; v. 157, p. 6-pg., 2023-01-01.

Resumo

This paper presents a new concept of a graphene-based adaptive modulator for multilevel amplitude modulation on polymer technology platform. This component consists of an electro-optical modulator with a distributed five segments capacitive structure, based on two single-layers of graphene (SLG) and a thin layer of silicon nitride (Si3N4) in the form (SLG-Si3N4-SLG), which shows a dynamic configuration of the modulation scheme, PAM-4/PAM-8, by the applied logic voltage sequence (3V(pp)) for an operating wavelength at 1550 nm. Considering an extinction ratio of 5.6 dB for PAM-4, and 6.0 dB for PAM-8, a compact device with 179.6 mu m total length, and the maximum simulated cut-off frequency of 48.12 GHz with 122.9 omega of capacitance and total device resistance of 26.9 omega, were achieved. This cut-off frequency results in a transmission rate of 96.24 Gbps at PAM-4 and 144.4 Gb/s at PAM-8. The simulated insertion loss is 12.0 dB (PAM-4) and 11.5 dB for PAM-8, and the power con-sumption is 0.54 pJ/bit for PAM-4 and 0.81 pJ/bit for PAM-8. Combining an innovative design with the unique electro-optical characteristics widely demonstrated by the materials used in the construction of the proposed adaptive device, allows it to be seen as a candidate to contribute to the nanotechnology integration and high-performance communication requirements. (AU)

• Processo FAPESP: 12/50259-8 - Grafeno: fotônica e opto-eletrônica: colaboração UPM-NUS
• Beneficiário: Antonio Helio de Castro Neto
• Modalidade de apoio: Auxílio à Pesquisa - Programa SPEC
• Processo FAPESP: 18/08988-9 - Aproveitando as propriedades únicas dos materiais 2D para dispositivos ópticos de alta velocidade
• Beneficiário: Hugo Luis Fragnito
• Modalidade de apoio: Auxílio à Pesquisa - Regular
• Processo FAPESP: 15/11779-4 - Efeitos plasmônicos e não-lineares em grafeno acoplado a guias de onda ópticos
• Beneficiário: Christiano José Santiago de Matos
• Modalidade de apoio: Auxílio à Pesquisa - Temático