Greenness of procedures using NADES in the preparation of vegetal samples: Comparison of five green metrics

Autor(es)

Ferreira, Sabrina S. ; Brito, Thomas A. ; Santana, Ana P. R. ; Guimaraes, Taciana G. S. ; Lamarca, Rafaela S. ; Ferreira, Karen C. ; Gomes, Paulo C. F. Lima ; Oliveira, Andrea ; Amaral, Clarice D. B. ; Gonzalez, Mario H.

• Tipo de documento: Artigo Científico
• Fonte: TALANTA OPEN; v. 6, p. 7-pg., 2022-12-01.

Resumo

The principles of green analytical chemistry have led to the development of analytical procedures that are increasingly sustainable. Different metrics have been created for the evaluation of greenness, although determination of the green nature of new analytical methods remains challenging, including for extraction methods that involve the use of natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES). In this study, the following five chemical metrics for the evaluation of greenness were considered: National Environmental Methods Index (NEMI), Green Analytical Procedure Index (GAPI), Analytical Eco-Scale, Analytical GREEnness (AGREE), and White Analytical Chemistry (WAC). These methods were applied in evaluation of the environmental and sustainability characteristics of three different methods for the preparation of plant material samples: microwave-assisted extraction (MAE), ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE), and microwave-assisted acid digestion (MW-AD). These methods employed different NADES as extraction solvents, as well as dilute nitric acid as an oxidizing agent, for the determination of As, Cd, Pb, and V by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The NEMI metric found no differences between the MAE-NADES and UAE-NADES methods. The GAPI metric found differences between the MAE-NADES and UAE-NADES methods and identify the disadvantageous aspects of each step of the methods. The Analytical Eco-Scale and AGREE identified the MAE-NADES method as the greenest, while WAC-12 RGB indicated the UAE-NADES method as the greenest procedure. A detailed discussion is provided of the application of each metric, together with their differences and advantages. (AU)

• Processo FAPESP: 21/14581-1 - Solventes Eutéticos Profundos Hidrofóbicos (hDES) Aplicados na Remoção de Contaminantes Emergentes e Inorgânicos em Amostras Ambientais
• Beneficiário: Rafaela Silva Lamarca
• Modalidade de apoio: Bolsas no Brasil - Pós-Doutorado
• Processo FAPESP: 19/22113-8 - Solventes eutéticos naturais: síntese, caracterização e aplicações na determinação de As, Cd, Cr, Hg, Se e V em amostras ambientais por ICP-MS
• Beneficiário: Mario Henrique Gonzalez
• Modalidade de apoio: Auxílio à Pesquisa - Regular
• Processo FAPESP: 14/50945-4 - INCT 2014: Instituto Nacional de Tecnologias Alternativas para Detecção, Avaliação Toxicológica e Remoção de Micropoluentes e Radioativos
• Beneficiário: Maria Valnice Boldrin
• Modalidade de apoio: Auxílio à Pesquisa - Temático
• Processo FAPESP: 15/08873-9 - Avaliação da bioacumulação de arsênio e dos riscos associados ao consumo de peixes no Brasil
• Beneficiário: Mario Henrique Gonzalez
• Modalidade de apoio: Auxílio à Pesquisa - Regular
• Processo FAPESP: 17/18531-3 - Química analítica verde: do preparo de amostras a determinações de elementos-traço por espectrometria de massas com plasma indutivamente acoplado (ICP-MS)
• Beneficiário: Mario Henrique Gonzalez
• Modalidade de apoio: Auxílio à Pesquisa - Regular