Possible role of ALDH1 and CD44 in lip carcinogenesis

Autor(es)

Ortiz, Rafael Carneiro ; Gois, Gabriele Gomes ; Costa, Camila Alves ; Costa, Nadia Lago ; Rodini, Camila Oliveira

• Tipo de documento: Artigo Científico
• Fonte: Journal of Applied Oral Science; v. 31, p. 14-pg., 2023-01-01.

Resumo

Lip squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) accounts for 12% of all head and neck cancers. It is caused by chronic exposure to ultraviolet light solar radiation and related to previous actinic cheilitis (AC). This study aimed to investigate the immunostaining of the putative cancer stem cells (CSC) markers ALDH1 and CD44 in AC (n=30) and LSCC (n=20). ALDH1 positivity was found to be statistically higher in LSCC than in AC lesions (p=0.0045), whilst CD44 expression was statistically higher in AC than in LSCC lesions (p=0.0155). ALDH1+ cells in AC lesions were associated with specific clinical features: a younger age (<60 years old), the female gender, white skin, not smoking or consuming alcohol, and a fast evolution, and not associated with the chronic exposure to UV radiation (p<0.0001). CD44 positivity was associated with patients who were male, feoderm, smoked, consumed alcohol, underwent occupational exposure to UV-radiation, and demonstrated lesions with log-time evolution (p<0.0001). ALDH1+ + cells were associated with mild dysplasia using a system from the World Health Organization (WHO), and with a low risk of malignant transformation, according to the binary system (p<0.0001). CD44+ cells were also associated with moderated dysplasia, according to the WHO system. In LSCC, ALDH1+ + cells were positively associated with patients who were older (>= 60 years old), smokers, and with those who consumed alcohol (p<0.0001). CD44+ + cells in LSCC were associated with older (>= 60 years old) patients as well, but also with female patients, white skin, non-smokers, and individuals who did not consume alcohol (p<0.0001), all of whom showed distinct patterns in pre- and malignant lesions of both markers. Additionally, in LSCC, both ALDH1 and CD44 staining were associated with smaller tumor sizes (T1/T2; p<0.0001). In summary, although both ALDH1 and CD44 were associated with the presence of dysplasia in AC lesions, the present findings suggest that ALDH1 and CD44 may be activated by different etiopathogenic pathways, predominantly in distinct steps of oral carcinogenesis. CD44 would thus be more significantly related to the potentially malignant lesion, while ALDH1 would be closely linked to malignancy. (AU)

• Processo FAPESP: 13/07245-9 - Investigação do papel das células-tronco de câncer e do microambiente no processo de transição epitélio-mesenquimal, invasão e metástase do carcinoma epidermóide de boca
• Beneficiário: Camila de Oliveira Rodini Pegoraro
• Modalidade de apoio: Auxílio à Pesquisa - Jovens Pesquisadores
• Processo FAPESP: 15/06945-2 - Análise imuno-histoquímica diferencial e comparativa entre CEC de boca primário e lesões metastáticas correspondentes
• Beneficiário: Rafael Carneiro Ortiz
• Modalidade de apoio: Bolsas no Brasil - Mestrado