Tree species occurring in Amazonian wetland forests consistently show broader range sizes and niche breadths than trees in upland forests

Autor(es)

Luize, Bruno Garcia ; Palma-Silva, Clarisse ; Siqueira, Tadeu ; Silva, Thiago Sanna Freire

• Tipo de documento: Artigo Científico
• Fonte: ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION; v. 14, n. 4, p. 12-pg., 2024-04-01.

Resumo

Generally, species with broad niches also show large range sizes. We investigated the relationship between hydrological niche breadth and geographic range size for Amazonian tree species seeking to understand the role of habitat specialization to Amazonian wetlands and upland forests on the current distribution of tree species. We obtained 571,092 valid occurrence points from GBIF and SpeciesLink to estimate the range size and the niche breadth of 76% of all known Amazonian tree species (5150 tree species). Hydrological niche breadth was measured on different unidimensional axes defined by (1) total annual precipitation; (2) precipitation seasonality; (3) actual evapotranspiration; and (4) water table depth. Geographic range sizes were estimated using alpha-hull adjustments. General linear models were used to relate niche breadth to range size while contrasting tree species occurring and not occurring in wetlands. The hydrological niche breadth of Amazonian tree species varied mostly along the water table depth axis. The average range size for an Amazonian tree species was 751,000 km2 (median of 154,000 km2 and standard deviation of 1,550,000 km2). Niche breadth-range size relationships for Amazonian tree species were positive for all models, and the explanatory power of the models improved when including whether a species occurred in wetlands or in terrestrial uplands. Wetland species had steeper positive slopes for the niche breadth-range size relationship, and consistently larger range sizes for a given niche breadth. Amazonian tree species varied strongly in hydrological niche breadth and range size, but most species had narrow niche breadths and range sizes. Our results suggest that the South American riverscape may have been acting as a corridor for species dispersal in the Neotropical lowlands. The general ecological pattern for a positive range size-niche breadth association holds for Amazonian tree species. Furthermore, those wetland-adapted tree species have broader niche breadth and large range sizes compared with tree species only occurring in upland forests.image (AU)

• Processo FAPESP: 21/10639-5 - Centro de Pesquisa em Biodiversidade e Mudanças do Clima
• Beneficiário: Leonor Patricia Cerdeira Morellato
• Modalidade de apoio: Auxílio à Pesquisa - Centros de Pesquisa, Inovação e Difusão - CEPIDs
• Processo FAPESP: 19/24823-2 - Genômica ecológica da adaptação local ao gradiente de inundação de florestas amazônicas
• Beneficiário: Clarisse Palma da Silva
• Modalidade de apoio: Auxílio à Pesquisa - Regular
• Processo FAPESP: 20/03379-4 - Padrões para diversidade beta taxonômica e filogenética e os processos estruturantes das comunidades de espécies arbóreas nas florestas da Amazônia
• Beneficiário: Bruno Garcia Luize
• Modalidade de apoio: Bolsas no Brasil - Pós-Doutorado
• Processo FAPESP: 17/22233-8 - A montagem ecológica em linhagens centradas na Amazônia revela o papel das áreas úmidas na origem e manutenção da diversidade de árvores amazônicas
• Beneficiário: Bruno Garcia Luize
• Modalidade de apoio: Bolsas no Exterior - Estágio de Pesquisa - Doutorado
• Processo FAPESP: 21/11670-3 - Trazendo a história evolutiva para avançar o conhecimento sobre o padrão de composição da flora Amazônica
• Beneficiário: Bruno Garcia Luize
• Modalidade de apoio: Bolsas no Exterior - Estágio de Pesquisa - Pós-Doutorado
• Processo FAPESP: 12/50260-6 - Estruturação e evolução da biota amazônica e seu ambiente: uma abordagem integrativa
• Beneficiário: Lúcia Garcez Lohmann
• Modalidade de apoio: Auxílio à Pesquisa - Programa BIOTA - Temático
• Processo FAPESP: 15/24554-0 - O papel das planícies de inundação na origem e manutenção da diversidade de espécies arbóreas na Amazônia
• Beneficiário: Bruno Garcia Luize
• Modalidade de apoio: Bolsas no Brasil - Doutorado