Immune mechanisms and predictive biomarkers related to neoadjuvant immunotherapy response in stage III melanoma

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Figueiredo, Amanda Braga ; Barros e Silva, Milton Jose ; de Britto Evangelista, Guilherme Ferreira ; de Lima Galdino, Nayane Alves ; de Melo Kuil, Larissa ; Santos, Iasmim Polido ; Morais, Katia Luciano Pereira ; Cavalcanti, Clara Maciel ; Moredo, Luciana Facure ; Duprat-Neto, Joao Pedreira ; Gollob, Kenneth J.

• Tipo de documento: Artigo Científico
• Fonte: HELIYON; v. 10, n. 12, p. 11-pg., 2024-06-30.

Resumo

The treatment for stage III melanoma has advanced significantly, nevertheless, a substantial proportion of patients experience relapse. Neoadjuvant immune checkpoint blockade has emerged as a promising approach, allowing early micrometastatic disease treatment, reduction of tumor burden before surgery, and enhanced tumor-specific T-cell responses. However, not all patients respond to treatment, highlighting the need for understanding immune mechanisms behind failure and identification of predictive markers. Here we performed a robust evaluation of systemic and tumoral immune profiles in a well-defined cohort of advanced melanoma patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors. Elevated CTACK and CXCL9 chemokines pretreatment suggested their potential as predictive tools for treatment response. Furthermore, CD95 expression in CD8+ T lymphocytes surfaced as a favorable prognostic indicator, while PD-1, CD161, and PD-L2 exhibited correlations with worst outcomes. These findings shed light on the intricate interplay between immune markers and melanoma response to neoadjuvant immune checkpoint therapy, offering insights into personalized treatment strategies. (AU)

• Processo FAPESP: 21/00408-6 - Centro para Pesquisa em Imuno-Oncologia (CRIO)
• Beneficiário: Kenneth John Gollob
• Modalidade de apoio: Auxílio à Pesquisa - Programa Centros de Pesquisa em Engenharia
• Processo FAPESP: 18/06409-1 - Estudo prospectivo para elucidar redes imunorreguladoras sistêmicas e microambientes tumorais relacionados à falha do tratamento com anti-PD1 em pacientes com NSCLC e melanoma em estágio IV
• Beneficiário: Amanda Braga de Figueiredo
• Modalidade de apoio: Bolsas no Brasil - Pós-Doutorado