Skeletal development and ossification sequence of the characiform Salminus brasiliensis (Ostariophysi: Characidae)

Autor(es)

Mattox, George M. T. ^{[1, 2]} ; Britz, Ralf ^[3] ; Toledo-Piza, Monica ^[1]

Afiliação do(s) autor(es)

^[1] Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Biociencias, Dept Zool, BR-05422970 Sao Paulo - Brazil

^[2] Univ Fed Sao Carlos, Dept Biol, BR-18052780 Sao Carlos, SP - Brazil

^[3] Nat Hist Museum, Dept Life Sci, London SW7 5BD - England

• Tipo de documento: Artigo Científico
• Fonte: Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters; v. 25, n. 2, p. 103-158, SEP 2014.
• Citações Web of Science: 15

Resumo

Ontogenetic data for Neotropical Characiformes, Siluriformes and Gynmotiformes is still poorly explored and information on their skeletal development is lacking entirely. We herein studied the skeletal development of the basal characid Salminus brasiliensis to provide an ontogenetic approach that can be used in further comparative investigations. Our study was based on 153 specimens (3.2 mm NL to 27.5 mm SL) covering approximately 30 days post-hatching and included 147 bones. Specimens were cleared and double stained and the presence of a bone was scored whenever mineralization was detected. First ossifications start at 5.0 ram (cleithrum, and tooth plates of pharyngobranchial 4 and ceratobranchial 5). Ossification continues with the opercle (5.1 mm) and remaining tooth bearing bones (premaxilla and dentary at 5.1 mm, maxilla at 5.6 mm). The first bones to ossify in the neurocranium are the parasphenoid and basioccipital (7.4 mm), exoccipital (8.7 mm) and frontal (11.9 mm). The hyopalatine arch begins ossification with the quadrate (7.8 mm) and hyomandibular (8.1 mm). Branchial arches commence their ossification with ceratobranchials (8.5 mm), followed by epibranchials (10.4 mm) and pharyngobranchials (11.8 mm). The infraorbital series is the last skeletal complex to ossify starting with the antorbital (16.8 mm). The first ossifications of the axial skeleton are the vertebral centra (9.9 mm) followed by neural (11.1 mm) and haemal arches (12.0 mm). Weberian apparatus ossification starts with the vertebral centra (9.9 mm), neural arches (11.1 mm), intercalarium and scaphium (12.4 mm). Fin rays form first in the caudal fin (8.6 mm), followed by dorsal-, anal-, pectoral-and pelvic-fin rays (9.9, 10.4, 15.7, 16.8 mm, respectively). The endoskeletal fin supports begin to ossify with the proximal-middle radials of the anal and dorsal fins (12.5 and 12.7 mm, respectively), pelvic bone and scapula (17.5 mm). Diagrams of the sequences of ossification are provided. (AU)

• Processo FAPESP: 12/01075-1 - Proposta de estágio de pesquisa no exterior associado ao projeto de pós-doutorado Estudo Filogenético de Priocharax Weitzman & Vari (Teleostei, Characiformes, Characidae) em um Contexto Ontogenético: uma Abordagem do Processo de Miniaturização
• Beneficiário: George Mendes Taliaferro Mattox
• Modalidade de apoio: Bolsas no Exterior - Estágio de Pesquisa - Pós-Doutorado
• Processo FAPESP: 10/50941-8 - Estudo filogenético de Priocharax Weitzman & Vari (Teleostei, Characiformes, Characidae) em um contexto ontogenético: uma abordagem do processo de miniaturização
• Beneficiário: George Mendes Taliaferro Mattox
• Modalidade de apoio: Bolsas no Brasil - Pós-Doutorado