Revision and phylogenetic analysis of the orb-weaving spider genus Glenognatha Simon, 1887 (Araneae, Tetragnathidae)

Autor(es)

Cabra-Garcia, Jimmy ^{[1, 2]} ; Brescovit, Antonio D. ^[3]

Afiliação do(s) autor(es)

^[1] Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Biociencias, Dept Zool, BR-05508090 Sao Paulo, SP - Brazil

^[2] Univ Valle, Dept Biol, Cali 25360 - Colombia

^[3] Inst Butantan, Lab Especial Colecoes Zool, BR-05503900 Sao Paulo, SP - Brazil

• Tipo de documento: Artigo Científico
• Fonte: Zootaxa; v. 4069, n. 1, p. 1-183, JAN 27 2016.
• Citações Web of Science: 2

Resumo

A taxonomic revision and phylogenetic analysis of the spider genus Glenognatha Simon, 1887 is presented. This analysis is based on a data set including 24 Glenognatha species plus eight outgroups representing three related tetragnathine genera and one metaine as the root. These taxa were scored for 78 morphological characters. Parsimony was used as the optimality criterion and a sensitivity analysis was performed using different character weighting concavities. Seven unambiguous synapomorphies support the monophyly of Glenognatha. Some internal clades within the genus are well-supported and its relationships are discussed. Glenognatha as recovered includes 27 species, four of them only known from males. A species identification key and distribution maps are provided for all. New morphological data are also presented for thirteen previously described species. Glenognatha has a broad distribution occupying the Neartic, Afrotropic, Indo-Malaya, Oceania and Paleartic regions, but is more diverse in the Neotropics. The following eleven new species are described: G. vivianae n. sp., G. caaguara n. sp., G. boraceia n. sp. and G. timbira n. sp. from southeast Brazil, G. caparu n. sp., G. januari n. sp. and G. camisea n. sp. from the Amazonian region, G. mendezi n. sp., G. florezi n. sp. and G. patriceae n. sp. from northern Andes and G. gouldi n. sp. from Southern United States and central Mexico. Females of G. minuta Banks, 1898, G. gaujoni Simon, 1895 and G. gloriae (Petrunkevitch, 1930) and males of G. globosa (Petrunkevitch, 1925) and G. hirsutissima (Berland, 1935) are described for the first time. Three new combinations are proposed in congruence with the phylogenetic results: G. argyrostilba (O. P.-Cambridge, 1876) n. comb., G. dentata (Zhu \& Wen, 1978) n. comb. and G. tangi (Zhu, Song \& Zhang, 2003) n. comb., all previously included in Dyschiriognatha Simon, 1893. The following taxa are newly synonymized: Dyschiriognatha montana Simon, 1897, Glenognatha mira Bryant, 1945 and Glenognatha maelfaiti Baert, 1987 with Glenognatha argyrostilba (Pickard-Cambridge, 1876) and Glenognatha centralis Chamberlin, 1925 with Glenognatha minuta Banks, 1898. (AU)

• Processo FAPESP: 12/16412-3 - Revisão e análise do material tipo das espécies de Glenognatha Simon, 1887 (Araneae, Tetragnathidae) depositadas em museus dos Estados Unidos e avaliação de caracteres genitais e do sistema respiratório para a reconstrução filogenética do gênero
• Beneficiário: Jimmy Jair Cabra Garcia
• Modalidade de apoio: Bolsas no Exterior - Estágio de Pesquisa - Mestrado
• Processo FAPESP: 11/50689-0 - Sistemática de aranhas haplóginas neotropicais (Arachnida, Araneae)
• Beneficiário: Antonio Domingos Brescovit
• Modalidade de apoio: Auxílio à Pesquisa - Temático
• Processo FAPESP: 11/14253-2 - Revisão e análise cladística do gênero Glenognatha Simon, 1887 (Araneae, Tetragnathidae)
• Beneficiário: Jimmy Jair Cabra Garcia
• Modalidade de apoio: Bolsas no Brasil - Mestrado