| Texto completo | |
| Autor(es): Mostrar menos - |
Andrade, Maria de Fatima
;
Kumar, Prashant
;
de Freitas, Edmilson Dias
;
Ynoue, Rita Yuri
;
Martins, Jorge
;
Martins, Leila D.
;
Nogueira, Thiago
;
Perez-Martinez, Pedro
;
de Miranda, Regina Maura
;
Albuquerque, Taciana
;
Teixeira Goncalves, Fabio Luiz
;
Oyama, Beatriz
;
Zhang, Yang
Número total de Autores: 13
|
| Tipo de documento: | Artigo de Revisão |
| Fonte: | Atmospheric Environment; v. 159, p. 66-82, JUN 2017. |
| Citações Web of Science: | 33 |
| Resumo | |
We present a comprehensive review of published results from the last 30 years regarding the sources and atmospheric characteristics of particles and ozone in the Metropolitan Area of Sao Paulo (MASP). During the last 30 years, many efforts have been made to describe the emissions sources and to analyse the primary and secondary formation of pollutants under a process of increasing urbanisation in the metropolitan area. From the occurrence of frequent violations of air quality standards in the 1970s and 1980s (due to the uncontrolled air pollution sources) to a substantial decrease in the concentrations of the primary pollutants, many regulations have been imposed and enforced, although those concentrations do not yet conform to the World Health Organization guidelines. The greatest challenge currently faced by the Sao Paulo State Environmental Protection Agency and the local community is controlling secondary pollutants such as ozone and fine particles. Understanding the formation of these secondary pollutants, by experimental or modelling approaches, requires the description of the atmospheric chemical processes driven by biofuel, ethanol and biodiesel emissions. Exposure to air pollution is the cause of many injuries to human health, according to many studies performed not only in the region but also worldwide, and affects susceptible populations such as children and the elderly. The MASP is the biggest megacity in the Southern Hemisphere, and its specifics are important for other urban areas that are facing the challenge of intensive growth that puts pressure on natural resources and worsens the living conditions in urban areas. This text discusses how imposing regulations on air quality and emission sources, mainly related to the transportation sector, has affected the evolution of pollutant concentrations in the MASP. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. (AU) | |
| Processo FAPESP: | 08/58104-8 - Narrowing the uncertainties on aerosol and climate changes in São Paulo State: NUANCES-SPS |
| Beneficiário: | Maria de Fátima Andrade |
| Modalidade de apoio: | Auxílio à Pesquisa - Programa de Pesquisa sobre Mudanças Climáticas Globais - Temático |
| Processo FAPESP: | 11/18777-6 - Avaliação das emissões veiculares de compostos orgânicos e inorgânicos provenientes da combustão de biocombustíveis e suas contribuições na qualidade do ar na RMSP |
| Beneficiário: | Thiago Nogueira |
| Modalidade de apoio: | Bolsas no Brasil - Pós-Doutorado |