Exposure to fine particulate matter in the air alters placental structure and the renin-angiotensin system

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Soto, Sonia de Fatima ; de Melo, Juliana Oliveira ; Marchesi, Guilherme D'Aprile ; Lopes, Karen Lucasechi ; Veras, Mariana Matera ; de Oliveira, Ivone Braga ; de Souza, Regiane Machado ; de Castro, Isac ; Shinohara Furukawa, Luzia Naoko ; Nascimento Saldiva, Paulo Hilario ; Heimann, Joel C.

• Tipo de documento: Artigo Científico
• Fonte: PLoS One; v. 12, n. 8 AUG 18 2017.
• Citações Web of Science: 9

Resumo

Transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF beta 1), the uteroplacental renin-angiotensin system (RAS) and vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) participate in the placentation process. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of exposure to pollutants on the placenta. Methods Female Wistar rats were exposed to filtered air (F) or to concentrated fine particulate matter (P) for 15 days. After mating, the rats were divided into four groups and again exposed to F or P (FF, FP, PF, PP) beginning on day 6 of pregnancy. At embryonic day 19, the placenta was collected. The placental structure, the protein and gene expression of TGF beta 1, VEGF-A, and its receptor Flk-1 and RAS were evaluated by indirect ELISA and quantitative real-time PCR. Results Exposure to P decreased the placental mass, size, and surface area as well as the TGF beta 1, VEGF-A and Flk-1 content. In the maternal portion of the placenta, angiotensin II (AngII) and its receptors AT(1) (AT(1)R) and AT(2) (AT(2)R) were decreased in the PF and PP groups. In the fetal portion of the placenta, AngII in the FP, PF and PP groups and AT(2)R in the PF and PP groups were decreased, but AT(1)R was increased in the FP group. VEGF-A gene expression was lower in the PP group than in the FF group. Conclusions Exposure to pollutants before and/or during pregnancy alters some characteristics of the placenta, indicating a possible impairment of trophoblast invasion and placental angiogenesis with possible consequences for the maternal-fetal interaction, such as a limitation of fetal nutrition and growth. (AU)

• Processo FAPESP: 10/18415-4 - Exposição de ratas wistar à poluição atmosférica antes ou durante a gestação: efeitos sobre os fetos e a placenta
• Beneficiário: Sônia de Fátima Soto
• Modalidade de apoio: Bolsas no Brasil - Doutorado Direto