Life Cycle Assessment in automotive sector: A case study for engine valves towards cleaner production

Autor(es)

Lopes Silva, Diogo A. ^[1] ; de Oliveira, Jose Augusto ^[2] ; Padovezi Filleti, Remo Augusto ^[3] ; Gomes de Oliveira, Joao Fernando ^[4] ; da Silva, Eraldo Jannone ^[4] ; Ometto, Aldo Roberto ^[4]

Afiliação do(s) autor(es)

^[1] Univ Fed Sao Carlos, Dept Prod Engn, Sch Management & Technol, Joao Leme dos Santos Rd SP-264, Km 110, BR-18052780 Itinga Dist, Sorocaba - Brazil

^[2] Sao Paulo State Univ, Campus Sao Joao Da Boa Vista, BR-13876750 Sao Joao Da Boa Vista - Brazil

^[3] Ca Foscari Univ Venice, PhD Program Sci & Management Climate Change, Dept Econ, Cannaregio 873, I-30123 Venice - Italy

^[4] Univ Sao Paulo, Dept Prod Engn, Sch Engn Sao Carlos, 400 Trabalhador Sao Carlense Ave, BR-13566590 Sao Carlos, SP - Brazil

• Tipo de documento: Artigo Científico
• Fonte: JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION; v. 184, p. 286-300, MAY 20 2018.
• Citações Web of Science: 5

Resumo

Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is a well-established tool to analyze environmental aspects and impacts of products and processes. However, there are few studies available regarding LCA of automotive components such as the small parts used by vehicle engines, e.g., intake and exhaust valves. This paper showed a cradle-to-grave LCA of exhaust valves produced in Brazil for automotive use. Based on environmental hotspots of the case study, cleaner production scenarios were developed to reduce environmental burdens and to improve manufacturing eco-efficiency. Thirteen midpoint impact categories were evaluated and more than 90% of all the impacts were due to fuel consumption into the internal combustion engine during the valves use phase. Regarding the valves manufacturing phase, the machining processes applied on the valve stem represented 63% of all the impacts, and they were strongly influenced by the consumption of electric energy, raw materials used in the valve stem and cutting fluid. For this reason, cleaner production scenarios were evaluated and tested in a centerless grinding process of the valve stem. The best cleaner production scenario showed a potential impact reduction up to 72% in the standby grinding mode followed by up to 44% less impacts in the dressing mode. Simple changes on grinding parameters produced a huge potential of minimizing environmental burdens in a life cycle perspective, especially in terms of impacts for resources (fossil and minerals) depletion (RD). A comparison between the environmental profiles before and after adopting the proposed cleaner production measures showed a significant reduction of 27% on the RD impacts. Therefore, improvements of the exhaust valve's manufacturing parameters can generate a better environmental life cycle performance towards cleaner production. (C) 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. (AU)

• Processo FAPESP: 13/06736-9 - Desenvolvimento de um procedimento metodológico para avaliação e monitoramento ambiental de processos de manufatura com base na Avaliação do Ciclo de Vida (ACV)
• Beneficiário: Diogo Aparecido Lopes Silva
• Modalidade de apoio: Bolsas no Brasil - Doutorado