Landscape resistance influences effective dispersal of endangered golden lion tamarins within the Atlantic Forest

Autor(es)

Moraes, Andreia Magro ^{[1, 2, 3]} ; Ruiz-Miranda, Carlos R. ^[3] ; Galetti Jr, Pedro M. ; Niebuhr, Bernardo Brandao ^[2] ; Alexandre, Brenda R. ^[4] ; Muylaert, Renata L. ^[2] ; Grativol, Adriana D. ^[3] ; Ribeiro, John W. ^[2] ; Ferreira, Arystene N. ^[5] ; Ribeiro, Milton Cezar ^[2]

Afiliação do(s) autor(es)

^[1] Univ Fed Sao Carlos, Dept Genet & Evolucao, Lab Biodiversidade Mol & Conservacao, BR-13565905 Sao Carlos, SP - Brazil

^[2] Univ Estadual Paulista UNESP, Inst Biociencias, LEEC, BR-13506900 Rio Claro, SP - Brazil

^[3] Univ Estadual Norte Fluminense, Inst Biociencias & Biotecnol, Programa Posgrad Ecol & Recursos Nat, BR-28013602 Campos Dos Goytacazes, RJ - Brazil

^[4] Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Inst Biol, Dept Ecol, Programa Posgrad Ecol, BR-21941590 Rio De Janeiro, RJ - Brazil

^[5] Galetti Jr, Jr., Pedro M., Univ Fed Sao Carlos, Dept Genet & Evolucao, Lab Biodiversidade Mol & Conservacao, BR-13565905 Sao Carlos, SP - Brazil

• Tipo de documento: Artigo Científico
• Fonte: Biological Conservation; v. 224, p. 178-187, AUG 2018.
• Citações Web of Science: 13

Resumo

Habitat fragmentation threatens tropical rainforests, which can significantly hinder dispersal in species such as arboreal primates. For conservation actions to be effective there must be an understanding of how landscape structure and biological traits shape dispersal. We assessed the effects of landscape, sex and population management (reintroduction and translocations) on gene flow of Leontopithecus rosalia, an endangered arboreal primate living in highly fragmented forests of Brazil. We genotyped 201 individuals using 14 microsatellite loci to answer three questions: (1) How far does L. rosalia disperse? (2) Is dispersal sex-biased? (3) What are the relative contributions of population management, distance, roads and landscape resistance to genetic kinship? We hypothesized that (1) gene flow decrease between more distant sites; (2) males disperse more than females; and (3) management and land-cover resistance (i.e. landscape resistance) are the variables that most influence genetic kinship. We found positive spatial population-structure up to 8 km. The spatial structure was similar between females and males suggesting that they equally contribute to gene flow. Management and landscape resistance best explained genetic kinship, showing that different land-cover types affect the dispersal at different degrees of landscape permeability. We advocate that maintaining more permeable landscapes is essential to ensure dispersal and gene flow of arboreal mammals. Conservation measures in tropical rainforests must take into account not only the habitat amount, but also the degree at which each land use roads, urban areas, agriculture, pasture, isolated trees, and stepping stones - facilitates or impedes the species dispersal. (AU)

• Processo FAPESP: 15/17739-4 - Efeitos da paisagem e a interação entre mamíferos e hantavírus na Mata Atlântica
• Beneficiário: Renata de Lara Muylaert
• Modalidade de apoio: Bolsas no Brasil - Doutorado
• Processo FAPESP: 13/50421-2 - Novos métodos de amostragem e ferramentas estatísticas para pesquisa em biodiversidade: integrando ecologia de movimento com ecologia de população e comunidade
• Beneficiário: Milton Cezar Ribeiro
• Modalidade de apoio: Auxílio à Pesquisa - Regular