Acute Effects of 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) and R(-) MDMA on Actigraphy-Based Daytime Activity and Sleep Parameters in Rhesus Monkeys

Autor(es)

Berro, Lais F. ^{[1, 2]} ; Shields, Hannah ^[2] ; Odabas-Geldiay, Melis ^[2] ; Rothbaum, Barbara O. ^[3] ; Andersen, Monica L. ^{[4, 2]} ; Howell, Leonard L. ^[3]

Afiliação do(s) autor(es)

^[1] Univ Mississippi, Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat & Human Behav, Jackson, MS 39216 - USA

^[2] Emory Univ, Yerkes Natl Primate Res Ctr, 954 Gatewood Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30329 - USA

^[3] Emory Univ, Yerkes Natl Primate Res Ctr, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Atlanta, GA 30322 - USA

^[4] Univ Fed Sao Paulo, Dept Psychobiol, Sao Paulo - Brazil

• Tipo de documento: Artigo Científico
• Fonte: EXPERIMENTAL AND CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY; v. 26, n. 4, p. 410-420, AUG 2018.
• Citações Web of Science: 0

Resumo

3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) affects monoaminergic pathways that play a critical role in sleep-wake cycles. Dopaminergic mechanisms are thought to mediate the sleep-disrupting effects of stimulant drugs. However, the mechanisms underlying the effects of MDMA on sleep-wake cycles and the effects of R(-) MDMA, a stereoisomer that lacks dopaminergic activity, on sleep remain unknown. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of racemic MDMA and R(-) MDMA on daytime activity and sleep-like parameters evaluated with actigraphy in adult rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatto, n = 6). Actiwatch monitors were attached to the monkeys' collars and actigraphy recording was conducted during baseline conditions and after the administration of acute intramuscular injections of saline (vehicle), racemic MDMA (0.3, 1.0, or 1.7 mg/kg), or R(-) MDMA (0.3, 1.0, or 1.7 mg/kg) at 9 or 16 h (3 h before ``lights off{''}). Morning treatments had no effects on sleep-like parameters. Racemic MDMA decreased general daytime activity during the fast hour after injection and increased daytime activity at 3 hr posttreatment. Although afternoon administration of racemic MDMA increased sleep latency, it improved other sleep parameters, decreasing wake time after sleep onset (WASO) and increasing sleep efficiency for subjects with low baseline sleep efficiency. Afternoon treatment with R(-) MDMA improved sleep measures, increasing sleep efficiency and decreasing sleep latency and WASO, while having no effects on daytime activity. The stimulant and sleep-disrupting effects of racemic MDMA are likely mediated by dopaminergic and noradrenergic mechanisms, while serotonergic pathways appear to be involved in the sleep-promoting effects of MDMA. (AU)

• Processo FAPESP: 15/25482-3 - Efeitos de drogas hipnóticas em comportamentos relacionados ao uso de metanfetamina: um estudo etológico e molecular em roedores e primatas não-humanos
• Beneficiário: Laís Fernanda Berro
• Modalidade de apoio: Bolsas no Exterior - Estágio de Pesquisa - Doutorado