Probiotics alter the immune response of gingival epithelial cells challenged by Porphyromonas gingivalis

Autor(es)

Albuquerque-Souza, Emmanuel ^{[1, 2]} ; Balzarini, Danilo ^[2] ; Ando-Suguimoto, Ellen S. ^[1] ; Ishikawa, Karin H. ^[1] ; Simionato, Maria R. L. ^[1] ; Holzhausen, Marinella ^[2] ; Mayer, Marcia P. A. ^{[1, 2]}

Afiliação do(s) autor(es)

^[1] Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Biomed Sci, Dept Microbiol, Sao Paulo - Brazil

^[2] Univ Sao Paulo, Sch Dent, Dept Stomatol, Div Periodont, Sao Paulo - Brazil

• Tipo de documento: Artigo Científico
• Fonte: JOURNAL OF PERIODONTAL RESEARCH; v. 54, n. 2, p. 115-127, APR 2019.
• Citações Web of Science: 0

Resumo

Background and ObjectiveAlthough previous studies revealed the potential use of probiotics in the control of periodontitis, little is known about their interactions with gingival epithelial cells (GECs). Since GECs comprise the first defense in the subgingival microenvironment, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of probiotic lactobacilli and bifidobacteria strains on OBA-9 cells challenged with Porphyromonas gingivalis. MethodsImmortalized human GECs (OBA-9) were challenged with live P.gingivalis (strains W83 and ATCC33277) and co-infected with one of 12 tested probiotic strains at a multiplicity of infection (MOI) of 1:1000 for 2hours. Bacterial adhesion and invasion were determined by antibiotic exclusion analysis and CFU counting. OBA-9 viability was assessed by MTT assay, and levels of inflammatory mediators (TNF-, IL-1, and CXCL8) in the supernatants were determined by ELISA. The expression of genes encoding Toll-like receptors (TLR2, TLR4) was evaluated by RT-qPCR. ResultsBoth strains of P.gingivalis were able to adhere and invade OBA-9 cells, with significant loss in cell viability, increase in the levels of TNF- and IL-1, and upregulation of TLR4. However, co-infection with probiotics attenuated these effects in P.gingivalis challenged GECs. Most probiotics maintained OBA-9 viability and reduced pathogens adhesion and invasion. Furthermore, probiotics were able to adhere to GECs, which was enhanced for most strains in the presence of P.gingivalis. The synthesis of IL-1 and TNF- by P.gingivalis in challenged GECs was reduced in co-culture with most of the tested probiotics, whereas the secretion of CXCL8 increased, and TLR4 was downregulated. ConclusionProbiotics can alter the interaction of GECs with P.gingivalis by modulating the pathogen's ability to adhere and invade these cells, as well as by regulating the innate immune response. Such properties are strain-specific and may indicate the most efficient probiotics to control periodontitis. (AU)

• Processo FAPESP: 15/18273-9 - Novas estratégias para o controle das periodontites
• Beneficiário: Marcia Pinto Alves Mayer
• Modalidade de apoio: Auxílio à Pesquisa - Temático
• Processo FAPESP: 16/14687-6 - Avaliação do potencial imunomodulador de probióticos na doença periodontal
• Beneficiário: Emmanuel Albuquerque de Souza
• Modalidade de apoio: Bolsas no Brasil - Doutorado