Pathophysiological Features of Obesity and its Impact on Cognition: Exercise Training as a Non-Pharmacological Approach

Autor(es)

Inoue, Daniela S. ^[1] ; Antunes, Barbara M. ^[1] ; Maideen, Mohammad F. B. ^{[2, 3]} ; Lira, Fabio S. ^[1]

Afiliação do(s) autor(es)

^[1] State Univ UNESP, Sch Technol & Sci, Dept Phys Educ, Exercise & Immunometab Res Grp, Postgrad Program M, Rua Roberto Simonsen 305, BR-19060900 Presidente Prudente, SP - Brazil

^[2] Univ Sydney, Charles Perkins Ctr, Sydney, NSW - Australia

^[3] Univ Sydney, Fac Hlth Sci, Thermal Ergon Lab, Sydney, NSW - Australia

• Tipo de documento: Artigo de Revisão
• Fonte: CURRENT PHARMACEUTICAL DESIGN; v. 26, n. 9, p. 916-931, 2020.
• Citações Web of Science: 1

Resumo

Background: The number of individuals with obesity is growing worldwide and this is a worrying trend, as obesity has shown to cause pathophysiological changes, which result in the emergence of comorbidities such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus type 2 and cancer. In addition, cognitive performance may be compromised by immunometabolic deregulation of obesity. Although in more critical cases, the use of medications is recommended, a physically active lifestyle is one of the main foundations for health maintenance, making physical training an important tool to reduce the harmful effects of excessive fat accumulation. Aim: The purpose of this review of the literature is to present the impact of immunometabolic alterations on cognitive function in individuals with obesity, and the role of exercise training as a non-pharmacological approach to improve the inflammatory profile, energy metabolism and neuroplasticity in obesity. Method: An overview of the etiology and pathophysiology of obesity to establish a possible link with cognitive performance in obese individuals, with the executive function being one of the most affected cognitive components. In addition, the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) profile and its impact on cognition in obese individuals are discussed. Lastly, studies showing regular resistance and/or aerobic training, which may be able to improve the pathophysiological condition and cognitive performance through the improvement of the inflammatory profile, decreased insulin resistance and higher BDNF production are discussed. Conclusion: Exercise training is essential for reestablishment and maintenance of health by increasing energy expenditure, insulin resistance reduction, anti-inflammatory proteins and neurotrophin production corroborating to upregulation of body function. (AU)

• Processo FAPESP: 17/03947-0 - Efeitos de uma intervenção de térmica durante o exercício físico sobre as respostas do BDNF em gestantes
• Beneficiário: Daniela Sayuri Inoue Yoshimura
• Modalidade de apoio: Bolsas no Exterior - Estágio de Pesquisa - Doutorado
• Processo FAPESP: 15/22402-9 - "Impacto do exercício intervalado de alta intensidade sobre a função cognitiva, alterações morfológicas e imunometabólicas sistêmica de jovens com obesidade"
• Beneficiário: Daniela Sayuri Inoue Yoshimura
• Modalidade de apoio: Bolsas no Brasil - Doutorado
• Processo FAPESP: 16/16712-8 - Envolvimento do BDNF na função de linfócitos de indivíduos obesos sedentários e treinados: relação com aspectos cognitivos
• Beneficiário: Fábio Santos de Lira
• Modalidade de apoio: Auxílio à Pesquisa - Regular