Diversity of Hybrid- and Hetero-PathogenicEscherichia coliand Their Potential Implication in More Severe Diseases

Autor(es)

de Mello Santos, Ana Carolina ^[1] ; Santos, Fernanda Fernandes ^{[1, 2]} ; Silva, Rosa Maria ^[1] ; Tardelli Gomes, Tania Aparecida ^[1]

Afiliação do(s) autor(es)

^[1] Univ Fed Sao Paulo, Escola Paulista Med, Dept Microbiol Imunol & Parasitol, Disciplina Microbiol, Sao Paulo - Brazil

^[2] Univ Fed Sao Paulo, Escola Paulista Med, Lab ALERTA, Disciplina Infectol, Sao Paulo - Brazil

• Tipo de documento: Artigo de Revisão
• Fonte: FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY; v. 10, JUL 15 2020.
• Citações Web of Science: 0

Resumo

Although extraintestinal pathogenicEscherichia coli(ExPEC) are designated by their isolation site and grouped based on the type of host and the disease they cause, most diarrheagenicE. coli(DEC) are subdivided into several pathotypes based on the presence of specific virulence traits directly related to disease development. This scenario of a well-categorizedE. colicollapsed after the German outbreak of 2011, caused by one strain bearing the virulence factors of two different DEC pathotypes (enteroaggregativeE. coliand Shiga toxin-producingE. coli). Since the outbreak, many studies have shown that this phenomenon is more frequent than previously realized. Therefore, the terms hybrid- and hetero-pathogenicE. colihave been coined to describe new combinations of virulence factors among the classicE. colipathotypes. In this review, we provide an overview of these classifications and highlight theE. coligenomic plasticity that results in some mixedE. colipathotypes displaying novel pathogenic strategies, which lead to a new symptomatology related toE. colidiseases. In addition, as the capacity for genome interrogation has grown in the last few years, it is clear that genes encoding some virulence factors, such as Shiga toxin, are found among differentE. colipathotypes to which they have not traditionally been associated, perhaps foreshowing their emergence in new and severe outbreaks caused by such hybrid strains. Therefore, further studies regarding hetero-pathogenic and hybrid-pathogenicE. coliisolates are necessary to better understand and control the spread of these pathogens. (AU)

• Processo FAPESP: 17/14821-7 - Explorando novas estratégias de virulência em Escherichia coli
• Beneficiário: Tânia Aparecida Tardelli Gomes do Amaral
• Modalidade de apoio: Auxílio à Pesquisa - Temático