Upland rice yield enhanced by early nitrogen fertilization on previous palisade grass

Autor(es)

Momesso, Letusa ^{[1, 2, 3]} ; Crusciol, Carlos A. C. ^[1] ; Soratto, Rogerio P. ^[1] ; Tanaka, Katiuca S. ^[1] ; Costa, Claudio H. M. ^[4] ; Cantarella, Heitor ^[5] ; Kuramae, Eiko E. ^{[2, 3]}

Afiliação do(s) autor(es)

^[1] Sao Paulo State Univ UNESP, Coll Agr Sci, Dept Crop Sci, Av Univ 33789, BR-18610034 Botucatu, SP - Brazil

^[2] Netherlands Inst Ecol, Dept Microbial Ecol, Droevendaalsesteeg 10, NL-6708 PB Wageningen - Netherlands

^[3] Univ Utrecht, Ecol & Biodivers, Inst Environm Biol, Padualaan 8, NL-3584 CH Utrecht - Netherlands

^[4] Fed Univ Jatai UFJ, R Riachuelo 1530, BR-75804020 Jatai, Go - Brazil

^[5] Agron Inst Campinas IAC, Av Barao Itapura 1481, BR-1307630 Campinas, SP - Brazil

• Tipo de documento: Artigo Científico
• Fonte: NUTRIENT CYCLING IN AGROECOSYSTEMS; v. 118, n. 2 AUG 2020.
• Citações Web of Science: 0

Resumo

High grain yields of upland rice (Oryza sativaL.) can be achieved in no-tillage systems. However, managing nitrogen (N) fertilization for rice in succession to forage grasses is a challenge because forage residues change N cycling and increase microbial immobilization of N, thereby reducing N availability to the subsequent cash crop. In the present study, two field experiments were conducted to determine if applying all or part of the N fertilizer on preceding palisade grass (Urochloa brizantha) and ruzigrass (Urochloa ruziziensis) or their desiccated residues immediately before rice seeding can supply N to the subsequent rice crop. Forage biomass yield (8-16 Mg ha(- 1)), N accumulation, and N supply to the subsequent upland rice were highest when all of the N fertilizer was applied on forage grasses at 50, 40 or 35 days before rice seeding (DBS), as opposed to the conventional split application at rice seeding and at tillering. On average, the grain yield of upland rice was 54% higher in succession to palisade grass compared with ruzigrass. The grain yield of rice was higher when N was applied to palisade grass at 35 DBS and ruzigrass at 50 DBS, reaching 5.0 Mg ha(- 1)and 3.7 Mg ha(- 1), respectively. However, applying N to ruzigrass was less effective for increasing upland rice yields since the yields did not differ from the treatments with the conventional split application. Adjusting the time of N application to forage grasses to increase the grain yields of subsequent upland rice is a sustainable alternative that can promote the economic viability of upland rice production. (AU)

• Processo FAPESP: 15/17953-6 - Antecipação de nitrogênio para cultura do arroz de sequeiro em sucessão a Urochloa brizantha e Urochloa ruziziensis no sistema plantio direto
• Beneficiário: Aron Aielo Sandoval
• Modalidade de apoio: Bolsas no Brasil - Iniciação Científica