Ethanol: striking the cardiovascular system by harming the gut microbiota

Autor(es)

Silva, Carla B. P. ^{[1, 2]} ; Elias-Oliveira, Jefferson ^[2] ; McCarthy, Cameron G. ^[3] ; Wenceslau, Camilla F. ^[3] ; Carlos, Daniela ^[2] ; Tostes, Rita C. ^[1]

Afiliação do(s) autor(es)

^[1] Univ Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto Med Sch, Dept Pharmacol, Ribeirao Preto - Brazil

^[2] Univ Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto Med Sch, Dept Biochem & Immunol, Ribeirao Preto - Brazil

^[3] Univ Toledo, Dept Physiol & Pharmacol, Coll Med & Life Sci, Toledo, OH - USA

• Tipo de documento: Artigo de Revisão
• Fonte: AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-HEART AND CIRCULATORY PHYSIOLOGY; v. 321, n. 2, p. H275-H291, AUG 2021.
• Citações Web of Science: 0

Resumo

Ethanol consumption represents a significant public health problem, and excessive ethanol intake is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD), one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide. The mechanisms underlying the effects of ethanol on the cardiovascular system are complex and not fully comprehended. The gut microbiota and their metabolites are indispensable symbionts essential for health and homeostasis and therefore, have emerged as potential contributors to ethanol-induced cardiovascular system dysfunction. By mechanisms that are not completely understood, the gut microbiota modulates the immune system and activates several signaling pathways that stimulate inflammatory responses, which in turn, contribute to the development and progression of CVD. This review summarizes preclinical and clinical evidence on the effects of ethanol in the gut microbiota and discusses the mechanisms by which ethanol-induced gut dysbiosis leads to the activation of the immune system and cardiovascular dysfunction. The cross talk between ethanol consumption and the gut microbiota and its implications are detailed. In summary, an imbalance in the symbiotic relationship between the host and the commensal microbiota in a holobiont, as seen with ethanol consumption, may contribute to CVD. Therefore, manipulating the gut microbiota, by using antibiotics, probiotics, prebiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation might prove a valuable opportunity to prevent/mitigate the deleterious effects of ethanol and improve cardiovascular health and risk prevention. (AU)

• Processo FAPESP: 18/14815-0 - Estudo do perfil do microbioma intestinal e do potencial terapêutico de estratégias de intervenção na imunopatogenia do Diabetes tipo 1 e 2
• Beneficiário: Daniela Carlos Sartori
• Modalidade de apoio: Auxílio à Pesquisa - Jovens Pesquisadores - Fase 2
• Processo FAPESP: 13/08216-2 - CPDI - Centro de Pesquisa em Doenças Inflamatórias
• Beneficiário: Fernando de Queiroz Cunha
• Modalidade de apoio: Auxílio à Pesquisa - Centros de Pesquisa, Inovação e Difusão - CEPIDs