Ent-kaurane diterpenes isolated from n-hexane extract of Baccharis sphenophylla by bioactivity-guided fractionation target the acidocalcisomes in Trypanosoma cruzi

Autor(es)

da Costa-Silva, Thais A. ^[1] ; Silva, Matheus L. ^[1] ; Antar, Guilherme M. ^[2] ; Tempone, Andre G. ^[3] ; Lago, Joao Henrique G. ^[1]

Afiliação do(s) autor(es)

^[1] Univ Fed ABC, Ctr Ciencias Nat & Humanas, BR-09210180 Sao Paulo - Brazil

^[2] Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Biosci, Dept Bot, BR-05508090 Sao Paulo - Brazil

^[3] Adolfo Lutz Inst, Ctr Parasitol & Mycol, BR-01246902 Sao Paulo - Brazil

• Tipo de documento: Artigo Científico
• Fonte: Phytomedicine; v. 93, DEC 2021.
• Citações Web of Science: 0

Resumo

Background: In the present work the bioactivity-guided fractionation of n-hexane extract from aerial parts of Baccharis sphenophylla (Asteraceae) against trypomastigote forms of Trypanosoma cruzi was performed. Purpose: To evaluate the antitrypanosomal potential of diterpenes ent-kaurenoic (1), grandifloric (2). and 15 beta-tiglinoyloxy-ent-kaurenoic (3) acids, isolated from n-hexane extract from aerial parts of B. sphenophylla, and elucidate their mechanism of action against T. cruzi. Methods/Study Design: n-Hexane and MeOH extracts from aerial parts of B. sphenophylla were prepared and caused, respectively, 100% and 50% of death of trypomastigote forms of T. cruzi. Based on these results, the n-hexane extract was subjected to bioactivity-guided fractionation procedures to afford three related ent-kaurane diterpenoids (1-3). Based on spectrofluorometric assays and flow cytometry analysis, the mechanism of action of compounds 1 and 3 was investigated. Results: Compounds 1 and 3, isolated from n-hexane extract from aerial parts of B. sphenophylla, showed potent activity against parasites with EC50 values of 10.6 mu M (SI > 18.8) and 2.4 mu M (SI = 34.8), respectively. On the other hand, compound 2 was inactive against trypomastigotes. In mechanism of action studies using the fluorescent probe SYTOX Green, the plasma membrane permeability was unaltered after treatment with compounds 1 and 3, but compound 1 induced a depolarization of the plasma membrane electric potential (Delta psi p). No substantial alterations were observed in the mitochondria after treatment with compound 3, but a transient hyperpolarization of the mitochondrial membrane potential (Delta psi m) by compound 1. Despite the increased ATP levels induced by compounds 1 and 3, no alterations of ROS and Ca2+ levels were registered. However, both compounds promoted a time-dependent alkalinization of the acidocalcisomes, probably contributing to an osmotic imbalance of the cell. In silico physicochemical studies of compounds 1-3 suggested that lipophilicity and molecular complexity may play an important role in the antitrypanosomal activity. Moreover, no pan-assay interference compounds (PAINS) alerts were detected for compounds 1-3. Conclusion: Obtained data indicated that the isolated ent-kaurane diterpenes from n-hexane extract from aerial parts of B. sphenophylla, especially compound 3, could be considered interesting prototypes for further modifications aiming the discovery of new hits against T. cruzi. (AU)

• Processo FAPESP: 21/04464-8 - Protótipos microbianos e vegetais como candidatos a fármacos para protozooses negligenciadas e bactérias multirresistentes
• Beneficiário: André Gustavo Tempone Cardoso
• Modalidade de apoio: Auxílio à Pesquisa - Regular
• Processo FAPESP: 21/02789-7 - Busca de metabólitos bioativos com ação antiparasitária em espécies vegetais de regiões de Mata Atlântica e Cerrado - uma abordagem química, fenotípica e metabolômica
• Beneficiário: João Henrique Ghilardi Lago
• Modalidade de apoio: Auxílio à Pesquisa - Programa BIOTA - Regular