Setting priority conservation management regions to reverse rapid range decline of a key neotropical forest ungulate

Autor(es)

Oshima, Julia Emi de Faria ^[1] ; Jorge, Maria Luisa S. P. ^{[2, 3]} ; Sobral-Souza, Thadeu ^{[1, 4]} ; Borger, Luca ^{[5, 6]} ; Keuroghlian, Alexine ^[7] ; Peres, Carlos A. ^{[8, 9]} ; Vancine, Mauricio Humberto ^[1] ; Collen, Ben ^[3] ; Ribeiro, Milton Cezar ^[1]

Afiliação do(s) autor(es)

^[1] Sao Paulo State Univ UNESP, Inst Biosci, Spatial Ecol & Conservat Lab LEEC, Postgrad Program Zool, Ecol Dept, BR-13506900 Rio Claro, SP - Brazil

^[2] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, 5726 Stevenson Ctr, 7th Floor, Nashville, TN 37240 - USA

^[3] UCL, Ctr Biodivers & Environm Res, Dept Genet Evolut & Environm, London WC1E 6BT - England

^[4] Univ Fed Mato Grosso, UFMT Cuiaba, Inst Biosci IB, Dept Bot & Ecol, BR-78060900 Cuiaba, MT - Brazil

^[5] Swansea Univ, Dept Biosci, Swansea SA2 8PP, W Glam - Wales

^[6] Swansea Univ, Ctr Biomath, Swansea SA2 8PP, W Glam - Wales

^[7] SSC Peccary Specialist Grp, IUCN, Peccary Project, BR-79052070 Campo Grande - Brazil

^[8] Univ East Anglia, Sch Environm Sci, Norwich NR4 7TJ, Norfolk - England

^[9] Inst Jurua, Rua Papoulas 97, Manaus, Amazonas - Brazil

• Tipo de documento: Artigo Científico
• Fonte: GLOBAL ECOLOGY AND CONSERVATION; v. 31, NOV 2021.
• Citações Web of Science: 0

Resumo

Mammals are important components of biodiversity that have been drastically and rapidly impacted by climate change, habitat loss, and anthropogenic pressure. Understanding key species distribution to optimize conservation targets is both urgent and necessary to reverse the current biodiversity crisis. Herein, we applied habitat suitability models for a key Neotropical forest ungulate, the white-lipped peccary (WLP Tayassu pecari), to investigate the effects of climate and landscape modifications on its distribution, which has been drastically reduced in Brazil. We used 318 primary records of WLP to derive habitat suitability maps across Brazil. Our models included bioclimatic, topographic, landscape, and human influence predictors in two modelling approaches. Models including all categories of predictors obtained the highest predictive ability and showed prevalence of suitable areas in forested regions of the country, covering 49% of the Brazilian territory. Filtering out small forest fragments (<2050 ha) reduced the suitable area by 5%, with a further reduction of 4% that was caused by deforestation until 2020, therefore until 2020, the species has suffered a reduction of similar to 60% from its historical range in Brazil. Of the 40% of the Brazilian territory suitable to WLP, only 12% is protected. In the Atlantic Forest, only half of all protected areas have suitable habitat for WLP and even less in Pantanal (44%), Cerrado (14%) and Caatinga (7%). In a second modelling approach, mapping the areas with suitable climate and those with suitable landscapes separately, allowed us to identify four categories of conservation values, and showed that only 17% of the Brazilian territory has both high landscape and climatic suitability for WLP. Our models can help inform complementary conservation management strategies and actions that could be essential in slowing down and possibly reversing current trends of population and geographic range reductions for the species, thereby averting a possible future collapse of forest ecosystem functioning in the Neotropical region. (AU)

• Processo FAPESP: 13/50421-2 - Novos métodos de amostragem e ferramentas estatísticas para pesquisa em biodiversidade: integrando ecologia de movimento com ecologia de população e comunidade
• Beneficiário: Milton Cezar Ribeiro
• Modalidade de apoio: Auxílio à Pesquisa - Regular
• Processo FAPESP: 17/09676-8 - Efeito das modificações da paisagem e das mudanças climáticas sobre a persistência de anfíbios na Mata Atlântica
• Beneficiário: Maurício Humberto Vancine
• Modalidade de apoio: Bolsas no Brasil - Mestrado
• Processo FAPESP: 14/23132-2 - Ecologia do movimento e distribuição espacial de um herbívoro de grande porte em paisagens tropicais heterogêneas
• Beneficiário: Julia Emi de Faria Oshima
• Modalidade de apoio: Bolsas no Brasil - Doutorado
• Processo FAPESP: 16/09957-4 - Ecologia do movimento e distribuição espacial de um herbívoro de grande porte em paisagens tropicais heterogêneas
• Beneficiário: Julia Emi de Faria Oshima
• Modalidade de apoio: Bolsas no Exterior - Estágio de Pesquisa - Doutorado