solated by dry lands: integrative analyses unveil the existence of a new species and a previously unknown evolutionary lineage of Brazilian Lanceheads (Serpentes: Viperidae: Bothrops) from a Caatinga moist-forest enclav

Autor(es)

Barbo, Fausto E. ^[1] ; Grazziotin, Felipe G. ^[1] ; Pereira-Filho, Gentil A. ^[2] ; Freitas, Marco A. ^[3] ; Abrantes, Stephenson H. F. ^[4] ; Kokubum, Marcelo N. de C. ^{[5, 6]}

Afiliação do(s) autor(es)

^[1] Inst Butantan, Lab Colecoes Zool, Ave Vital Brazil 1500, BR-05503900 Sao Paulo, SP - Brazil

^[2] Univ Fed Paraiba, Ctr Ciencias Aplicadas & Educ, Dept Engn & Meio Ambiente, Lab Ecol Anim, BR-58297000 Rio Tinto, PB - Brazil

^[3] Estacao Ecol Murici, Inst Chico Mendes Conservacao Biodiversidade ICMB, Rua Marino Vieira de Araujo 32, BR-57820000 Murici, AL - Brazil

^[4] Univ Fed Campina Grande, Ctr Saude & Tecnol Rural, Lab Ecomorfol Anim, Ave Univ S-N, BR-58708110 Patos de Minas, PB - Brazil

^[5] Univ Fed Campina Grande, Ctr Saude & Tecnol Rural, Lab Herpetol, Ave Univ S-N, BR-58708110 Patos de Minas, PB - Brazil

^[6] Univ Estadual Paraiba, Programa Posgrad Ecol & Conservacao, BR-58429500 Campina Grande, Paraiba - Brazil

• Tipo de documento: Artigo Científico
• Fonte: CANADIAN JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY; v. 100, n. 1, p. 147-159, JAN 2022.
• Citações Web of Science: 0

Resumo

Here we describe a new species of Lancehead (Bothrops jabrensis sp. nov.) based on three individuals sampled from a previously unknown population from Pico do Jabre, an isolated and small Caatinga moist-forest enclave (CMFE) located in northeastern Brazil. Although this new species has an external morphology resembling those found in representatives of the Bothrops jararaca (Wied-Neuwied, 1824) species group, B. jabrensis can be diagnosed by a combination of meristic and color characters. Molecular phylogenetic analysis indicates the new species represents a unique and highly divergent lineage within Bothrops revealing the existence of a previously unknown phylogenetic lineage that has been evolving as an independent unit for more than 8 million years. Additionally, the estimated divergence time of this lineage conflicts with some proposed scenarios of historical processes associated with the evolution of CMFEs. Finally, the uniqueness of this species indicates its relevance for the maintenance of the phylogenetic diversity of Lanceheads in South America. Like other CMFEs, Pico do Jabre is consistently threatened by poaching, illegal fires, deforestation for agricultural purposes, and illegal logging. The restricted distribution of B. jabrensis, in a small and disturbed CMFE, strongly suggests that this species is critically endangered and is likely approaching extinction as a natural population. (AU)

• Processo FAPESP: 16/50127-5 - Dimensions US-BIOTA São Paulo: scales of biodiversity: integrated studies of snake venom evolution and function across multiple levels of diversity
• Beneficiário: Inácio de Loiola Meirelles Junqueira de Azevedo
• Modalidade de apoio: Auxílio à Pesquisa - Programa BIOTA - Temático