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Intensive crop rotations and residue quality increase soil phosphorus lability under long-term no-till in tropical soils

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Autor(es):
Gonsiorkiewicz Rigon, Joao Paulo ; Costa Crusciol, Carlos Alexandre ; Calonego, Juliano Carlos ; Pavinato, Paulo Sergio ; Azevedo, Antonio Carlos ; Rosolem, Ciro Antonio
Número total de Autores: 6
Tipo de documento: Artigo Científico
Fonte: SOIL & TILLAGE RESEARCH; v. 223, p. 8-pg., 2022-09-01.
Resumo

This study assessed soil Phosphorus (P) fractions and lability according to crops in rotation and crop residue P inputs under long-term no-till (NT) in weathered tropical soils. Two experiments were established in split-plot designs with fall-winter as the main plot and spring as the subplots. In one experiment, sunflower and triticale were grown in Typic Rhodudalf (TR) soil in fall-winter; in the other experiment, monocropped and intercropped ruzigrass and grain sorghum were grown in Rhodic Hapludox (RH) soil in fall-winter. In both experiments, sunn hemp, forage sorghum, and pearl millet were grown in the spring; an additional fallow treatment was established in spring in TR. Soybean was grown every year in the summer in both experiments. After 12 (TR) and 9 (RH) years, the crop residue quality (e.g. N content and lignin-N ratio) and P inputs of the various crops were assessed. In addition, soil P fractions were determined according to the Hedley procedure. High-quality residue enhanced P recycling by soybean under crop rotation with sunn hemp in both experiments, sunflower in TR, and ruzigrass in RH. Sunn hemp increased soil labile P by 13% compared with pearl millet in TR and by 40% compared with forage sorghum and pearl millet in RH. Forage sorghum in spring enhanced P modlabile in TR, effect also observed for monocropped grain sorghum and ruzigrass in fall-winter in RH compared to both intercropped. In general, crop rotation under NT improved soil P lability, particularly the biological P pool, suggesting positive impacts from crop residue quality. The results of this study can be used to guide P fertilization strategies for NT cropping systems in tropical soils. (AU)

Processo FAPESP: 17/23029-5 - Formas de fósforo no solo em sistemas de produção de longa duração
Beneficiário:João Paulo Gonsiorkiewicz Rigon
Modalidade de apoio: Bolsas no Brasil - Pós-Doutorado
Processo FAPESP: 15/23389-6 - Resíduos culturais em sistemas de rotação como determinantes das frações de agregados do solo e a mineralização de C e N
Beneficiário:João Paulo Gonsiorkiewicz Rigon
Modalidade de apoio: Bolsas no Exterior - Estágio de Pesquisa - Doutorado
Processo FAPESP: 13/23359-4 - Sistemas de manejo e sucessões de culturas como fatores determinantes da quantidade e qualidade da matéria orgânica do solo.
Beneficiário:João Paulo Gonsiorkiewicz Rigon
Modalidade de apoio: Bolsas no Brasil - Doutorado