Distribution of available nitrogen forms in soil under Quilombola management systems in Brazilian Cerrado phytophysiognomies

Autor(es)

Antonio Marcos Miranda Silva ^[1] ; Maria Lucrécia Gerosa Ramos ^[2] ; Robervone Severina de Melo Pereira do Nascimento ^[3] ; Henrique Petry Feiler ^[4] ; Stefany Braz Silva ^[5] ; Elke Jurandy Bran Nogueira Cardoso ^[6]

Afiliação do(s) autor(es)

^[1] Universidade de São Paulo. ESALQ. Depto. de Ciência do Solo - Brasil

^[2] Universidade de Brasília. Faculdade de Agronomia e Medicina Veterinária - Brasil

^[3] Instituto Nacional de Colonização e Reforma Agrária - Brasil

^[4] Universidade de São Paulo. ESALQ. Depto. de Ciência do Solo - Brasil

^[5] Universidade de Brasília. Faculdade de Agronomia e Medicina Veterinária - Brasil

^[6] Universidade de São Paulo. ESALQ. Depto. de Ciência do Solo - Brasil

• Tipo de documento: Artigo Científico
• Fonte: Scientia Agricola; v. 81, 2023-12-11.

Resumo

ABSTRACT Management of Quilombola systems are primitive agricultural systems based on the ancestral knowledge of Afro-Brazilian enslaved people. Here, the aim was to understand the impact of these primitive farming methods on the distribution of available nitrogen (N) forms in the soil profile of two Brazilian Cerrado phytophysiognomies. The soil was sampled in Cerradão (high Cerrado) and Cerrado Stricto sensu (low Cerrado) at six soil depths (0-10, 10-20, 20-30, 30-40, 40-50, and 50-60 cm). The following management systems were considered: pasture (PP1 and PP2), maize cultivation (M1 and M2), citrus-cassava intercropping (T1), and citrus monoculture (T2). In addition, the soil was sampled in the native area of Cerradão (NC1) and Cerrado Stricto sensu (NC2). Three N forms were determined: i) available nitrogen (Av-N), ii) ammonium (NH4+-N) and iii) nitrate (NO3–-N) contents. The Av-N content decreased with increasing soil depth only in NC1 and NC2. The NO3–-N content was similar at all soil depths for maize and pasture, while the content decreased at soil depth for NC1, NC2, and T1. NH4+-N was similar in M2 and PP2, but it increased in T2, ranging from 6.17 mg kg–1 to 17.54 mg kg–1. Overall, the dynamics of available N forms varied according to the Cerrado phytophysiognomy and the management systems and NO3–-N was the most constant N form in the soil profile. Therefore, although the management of Quilombola systems is less intensive, they negatively affect the dynamics and N availability, mainly where management is less conservative, that is, in maize and citrus monocultures. (AU)

• Processo FAPESP: 19/13436-8 - Mitigação do estresse hídrico em milho (Zea mays L.) mediante a inoculação de fungos micorrízicos arbusculares e rizobactérias promotoras de crescimento
• Beneficiário: Antonio Marcos Miranda Silva
• Modalidade de apoio: Bolsas no Brasil - Doutorado
• Processo FAPESP: 16/18944-3 - Mudanças climáticas e eficiência energética na agricultura: um enfoque em estresse hídrico, manejo orgânico e biologia do solo
• Beneficiário: Elke Jurandy Bran Nogueira Cardoso
• Modalidade de apoio: Auxílio à Pesquisa - Programa de Pesquisa sobre Mudanças Climáticas Globais - Temático