An unexpected IgE anti-receptor binding domain response following natural infection and different types of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines

Autor(es)

Portilho, Amanda Izeli ; Silva, Valeria Oliveira ; Da Costa, Hernan Hermes Monteiro ; Yamashiro, Rosemeire ; de Oliveira, Isabela Penteriche ; de Campos, Ivana Barros ; Prudencio, Carlos Roberto ; Matsuda, Elaine Monteiro ; Brigido, Luis Fernando de Macedo ; De Gaspari, Elizabeth

• Tipo de documento: Artigo Científico
• Fonte: SCIENTIFIC REPORTS; v. 14, n. 1, p. 12-pg., 2024-08-28.

Resumo

Humoral response to SARS-CoV-2 has been studied, predominantly the classical IgG and its subclasses. Although IgE antibodies are typically specific to allergens or parasites, a few reports describe their production in response to SARS-CoV-2 and other viruses. Here, we investigated IgE specific to receptor binding domain (RBD) of SARS-CoV-2 in a Brazilian cohort following natural infection and vaccination. Samples from 59 volunteers were assessed after infection (COVID-19), primary immunization with vectored (ChAdOx1) or inactivated (CoronaVac) vaccines, and booster immunization with mRNA (BNT162b2) vaccine. Natural COVID-19 induced IgE, but vaccination increased its levels. Subjects vaccinated with two doses of ChAdOx1 exhibited a more robust response than those immunized with two doses of CoronaVac; however, after boosting with BNT162b2, all groups presented similar IgE levels. IgE showed intermediate-to-high avidity, especially after the booster vaccine. We also found IgG4 antibodies, mainly after the booster, and they moderately correlated with IgE. ELISA results were confirmed by control assays, using IgG depletion by protein G and lack of reactivity with heterologous antigen. In our cohort, no clinical data could be associated with the IgE response. We advocate for further research on IgE and its role in viral immunity, extending beyond allergies and parasitic infections. (AU)

• Processo FAPESP: 18/04202-0 - Estudo da imunogenicidade de antígenos de membrana externa de Neisseria meningitidis e interação com lípides catiônicos: avaliação de novo adjuvante para Neisseria meningitidis em diferentes linhagens de camundongos idosos
• Beneficiário: Elizabeth Natal de Gaspari
• Modalidade de apoio: Auxílio à Pesquisa - Regular
• Processo FAPESP: 21/11936-3 - Centro de Ciência Translacional e Desenvolvimento de Biofármacos
• Beneficiário: Benedito Barraviera
• Modalidade de apoio: Auxílio à Pesquisa - Centros de Ciência para o Desenvolvimento
• Processo FAPESP: 22/05566-1 - Construção e seleção de uma biblioteca de anticorpos monoclonais scFv contra a proteína spike do SARS-CoV-2 pela tecnologia de Phage Display
• Beneficiário: Hernan Hermes Monteiro da Costa
• Modalidade de apoio: Bolsas no Brasil - Doutorado
• Processo FAPESP: 18/14384-9 - Identificação e caracterização de casos agudos de infecção pelo vírus da imunodeficiência humana (HIV-1)
• Beneficiário: Luís Fernando de Macedo Brígido
• Modalidade de apoio: Auxílio à Pesquisa - Pesquisa em Políticas Públicas