The resolvin D2 and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid as a new possible therapeutic approach for inflammatory bowel diseases

Autor(es)

Chaim, Fabio Henrique Mendonca ; Pascoal, Livia Bitencourt ; de Castro, Marina Moreira ; Palma, Bruna Biazon ; Rodrigues, Bruno Lima ; Fagundes, Joao Jose ; Milanski, Marciane ; Lopes, Luiz Roberto ; Leal, Raquel Franco

• Tipo de documento: Artigo Científico
• Fonte: SCIENTIFIC REPORTS; v. 14, n. 1, p. 13-pg., 2024-11-20.

Resumo

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are idiopathic disorders characterized by chronic gastrointestinal inflammation. Given conventional therapies' adverse effects and clinical failures, novel approaches are being investigated. Recent studies have highlighted the role of specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators (SPMs) in the active resolution of chronic inflammation. In this regard, omega-3 fatty acid-derived Resolvin D2 (RvD2) appears to play a protective role in the pathophysiology of IBD. Therefore, we characterized the RvD2 pathway and its receptor expression in the intestinal mucosa of experimental colitis induced by dextran sulfate sodium. We also evaluated the preventive impact of an omega-3-enriched diet and the therapeutic efficacy of RvD2 compared with anti-TNF-alpha treatment. We found an increase in TNF alpha and IL22 expression and decreased levels of enzymes involved in RvD2 biosynthesis, such as PLA2, 15-LOX, 5-LOX, and its receptor GPR18 in experimental colitis. Omega-3 supplementation reduced the Disease Activity Index (DAI), weight loss, colonic shortening, and inflammation. These results and the increased IL-10 transcriptional levels after RvD2 treatment suggest that this mediator attenuated experimental colitis. These results enhance our understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in the exacerbated inflammatory response present in experimental colitis and suggest that RvD2 and its omega-3 precursor offer a promising therapeutic approach for IBD. (AU)

• Processo FAPESP: 22/09393-4 - Avaliação de vias de pró-resolução na Colite experimental induzida por DSS
• Beneficiário: Raquel Franco Leal
• Modalidade de apoio: Auxílio à Pesquisa - Regular
• Processo FAPESP: 19/07095-3 - Papel da resolvina D2 e do ácido graxo poliinsaturado ômega-3 na colite experimental induzida por DSS
• Beneficiário: Bruna Biazon Palma
• Modalidade de apoio: Bolsas no Brasil - Iniciação Científica