GPR and inductive electromagnetic surveys applied in three coastal sambaqui (shell mounds) archaeological sites in Santa Catarina state, South Brazil

Autor(es)

Rodrigues, Selma I. ^[1] ; Porsani, Jorge L. ^[1] ; Santos, Vinicius R. N. ^[1] ; DeBlasis, Paulo A. D. ^[2] ; Giannini, Paulo C. F. ^[3]

Afiliação do(s) autor(es)

^[1] Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Astron Geofis & Ciencias Atmosfer, Dept Geofis, BR-05508090 Butanta, SP - Brazil

^[2] Univ Sao Paulo, Museu Arqueol & Etnol, Sao Paulo - Brazil

^[3] Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Geociencias, Sao Paulo - Brazil

• Tipo de documento: Artigo de Revisão
• Fonte: JOURNAL OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL SCIENCE; v. 36, n. 10, p. 2081-2088, OCT 2009.
• Citações Web of Science: 19

Resumo

In this article, GPR - Ground Penetrating Radar and inductive electromagnetic (EM38 equipment) results are presented for three archaeological sites of shell mounds located between Laguna and Jaguaruna cities, mid-southern coast of Santa Catarina state, Brazil. The Jabuticabeira II, Santa Marta IV, and Encantada III sites were studied. These sites consist of carbonate shell mounds built by societies that inhabited this region during the pre-colonial period (7.5-1.3 ky BP). Geophysical responses obtained in these archaeological sites had allowed the identification of anomalous regions related to archaeological point targets as well as continuous targets, correlated to the shell mound's structure and buried geologic features. GPR numerical modelling studies were done in order to evaluate the performance of the GPR method in relation to materials found in that environment, besides helping interpretations of real results. The synthetic GPR model was a good match with real data obtained in the field. So, the real and synthetic results serve as a reference guide to direct excavation activities in these archaeological and geological structures. In the Jabuticabeira II shell mound, lithic materials and burials were found amidst archaeological layers characterized by sediment rich in organic material, ferruginous concretions, and loose shells. In the Santa Marta IV archaeological site, a concentration of ceramic materials, burials and fireplaces were found. In the Encantada III site, a strong anomaly characterized by a hyperbolic reflection was related to the presence of a silicified tree root: a great example of ambiguity in shallow geophysics interpretation in archaeological applications. Results functioned as a guide to archaeological excavations, allowing cost and time reduction as well as contributing to improve the knowledge of these archaeological sites situated in southern Brazil. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. (AU)

• Processo FAPESP: 04/11038-0 - Sambaquis e paisagem: modelando a inter-relação entre processos formativos culturais e naturais no litoral sul de Santa Catarina
• Beneficiário: Paulo Antônio Dantas de Blasis
• Modalidade de apoio: Auxílio à Pesquisa - Temático
• Processo FAPESP: 09/07981-1 - Levantamentos GPR e eletromagnético indutivo aplicados em três sítios arqueológicos de sambaquis costeiros (amontoado de conchas) no Estado de Santa Catarina, Sul do Brazil.
• Beneficiário: Jorge Luís Porsani
• Modalidade de apoio: Auxílio à Pesquisa - Publicações científicas - Artigo