Amazon Deforestation and Climate Change in a Coupled Model Simulation

Autor(es)

Nobre, Paulo ^[1] ; Malagutti, Marta ^[1] ; Urbano, Domingos F. ^[1] ; de Almeida, Roberto A. F. ^[1] ; Giarolla, Emanuel ^[1]

Afiliação do(s) autor(es)

^[1] INPE, Natl Inst Space Res, Sao Paulo - Brazil

• Tipo de documento: Artigo Científico
• Fonte: Journal of Climate; v. 22, n. 21, p. 5686-5697, Nov. 2009.
• Área do conhecimento: Ciências Exatas e da Terra - Geociências
• Citações Web of Science: 52
• Assunto(s): Geologia regional Desmatamento Chuva Correntes marinhas El Niño Ecossistema amazônico

Resumo

The effects of Amazon deforestation on climate change are investigated using twin numerical experiments of an atmospheric general circulation model (AGCM) with prescribed global sea surface temperature and the same AGCM coupled to an ocean GCM (CGCM) over the global tropics. An ensemble approach is adopted, with 10-member ensemble averages of a control simulation compared with perturbed simulations for three scenarios of Amazon deforestation. The latest 20 yr of simulation from each experiment are analyzed. Local surface warming and rainfall reduction are simulated by both models over the Amazon basin. The coupled model presented a rainfall reduction that is nearly 60% larger compared to its control run than those obtained by the AGCM. The results also indicated that both the fraction of the deforested area and the spatial continuity of the vegetated area might be important for modulating global climate variability and change. Additionally, significant remote atmospheric responses to Amazon deforestation scenarios are detected for the coupled simulations, which revealed global ocean and atmosphere circulation changes conducive to enhanced ocean–atmosphere variability over the Pacific Ocean. This, in turn, is interpreted as a manifestation of enhanced El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) activity over the Pacific and a positive feedback contributing to the extra rainfall reduction over the Amazon on the coupled simulations. (AU)

• Processo FAPESP: 05/00915-2 - Estudo da previsibilidade climática acoplada oceano-atmosfera sobre a América do Sul e Atlântico tropical
• Beneficiário: Paulo Nobre
• Modalidade de apoio: Auxílio à Pesquisa - Regular
• Processo FAPESP: 06/06241-6 - Contribuição dos anéis da corrente norte do Brasil para o transporte global de calor
• Beneficiário: Roberto Antonio Ferreira de Almeida
• Modalidade de apoio: Bolsas no Brasil - Pós-Doutorado