A New Species of Maytenus (Celastraceae) with Fleshy Fruits from Eastern Brazil, with Notes on the Delimitation of Maytenus

Autor(es)

Groppo, Milton ^[1] ; Simmons, Mark P. ^[2] ; Cappa, Jennifer J. ^[2] ; Biral, Leonardo ^[3] ; Lombardi, Julio A. ^[3]

Afiliação do(s) autor(es)

^[1] Univ Sao Paulo, Fac Filosofia Ciencias & Letras Ribeirao Preto, Dept Biol, BR-14051901 Ribeirao Preto, SP - Brazil

^[2] Colorado State Univ, Dept Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 - USA

^[3] Univ Estadual Paulista, Inst Biociencias Rio Claro, Dept Bot, BR-13506900 Rio Claro, SP - Brazil

• Tipo de documento: Artigo Científico
• Fonte: SYSTEMATIC BOTANY; v. 39, n. 2, p. 478-484, APR-JUN 2014.
• Citações Web of Science: 4

Resumo

A new species of Celastraceae, Maytenus megalocarpa, is described and illustrated. The species is known from only a small number of collections from eastern Brazil, in the Atlantic Rainforest of Bahia and Minas Gerais states. It is considered endangered given the rapid deforestation of this biome. The species is readily distinguished from its congeners by its large, tardily dehiscent fruit that does not open by reflexed valves and by the seeds enveloped by thick arils. Given its remarkable fruits and the consequent initial doubt about the generic position of the new species in Celastraceae, a phylogenetic analysis using molecular data from plastid and nuclear rDNA gene regions, together with morphological characters, was performed. The new species was consistently resolved as nested within Maytenus, which itself is paraphyletic. Incongruence between the nuclear and plastid gene regions was identified for Fraunhofera, Maytenus texana, and Plencicia. Future taxonomic changes are necessary to rigorously delimit Maytenus as a natural genus. Additional comments on geographical distribution, phenology and conservation status of the new species are also provided, as well as a key to the species of Neotropical Mayternis with spinose leaves. (AU)

• Processo FAPESP: 11/21879-5 - Sistemática e filogenia de Maytenus Molina (Celastraceae) na região neotropical
• Beneficiário: Leonardo Biral dos Santos
• Modalidade de apoio: Bolsas no Brasil - Doutorado
• Processo FAPESP: 10/17400-3 - Estudos taxonômicos e florísticos no Brasil extra-amazônico
• Beneficiário: Julio Antonio Lombardi
• Modalidade de apoio: Auxílio à Pesquisa - Regular
• Processo FAPESP: 11/10446-0 - Sistemática e taxonomia de Rudgea Salisb. (Psychotrieae, Rubiaceae)
• Beneficiário: Milton Groppo Júnior
• Modalidade de apoio: Auxílio à Pesquisa - Regular
• Processo FAPESP: 06/03170-0 - Estudos filogenéticos e sistemáticos em Rutaceae: filogenia e delimitação de Galipeinae (Galipeae) baseados em seqüências do DNA do núcleo e cloroplasto
• Beneficiário: Milton Groppo Júnior
• Modalidade de apoio: Auxílio à Pesquisa - Jovens Pesquisadores