Brazilians' experiences with iron fortification: evidence of effectiveness for reducing inadequate iron intakes with fortified flour policy

Autor(es)

dos Santos Vieira, Diva Aliete ; Steluti, Josiane ; Verly-, Jr., Eliseu ; Marchioni, Dirce Maria ; Fisberg, Regina Mara

• Tipo de documento: Artigo Científico
• Fonte: PUBLIC HEALTH NUTRITION; v. 20, n. 2, p. 363-370, FEB 2017.
• Citações Web of Science: 2

Resumo

Objective: To assess Fe intake, calculate the prevalence of inadequate Fe intake and identify food contributors to Fe intake during 2003 and 2008 in a population-based study, reflecting before and after the mandatory fortification of flour with Fe. Design: Two cross-sectional population-based studies conducted in 2003 and 2008. Dietary intake was evaluated by 24 h recall and the Software for Intake Distribution Estimation (PC-SIDE) was used to estimate within-person variance and prevalence of inadequate Fe intake. The statistical analysis was conducted considering the complex survey design. Setting: SAo Paulo, Brazil. Subjects: Adolescents, adults and elderly adults of both sexes, interviewed in 2003 (n 2386) and 2008 (n 1661). Results: The Fe intake mean increased in all populations in the post-fortification period. A reduction of over 90 % was observed in the prevalence of inadequate Fe intake among men for all age groups analysed. When evaluating women, despite the substantial reduction (over 63 %), prevalence of inadequate Fe intake remained high (34 %) in those aged 19-50 years. Major food contributors to Fe intake before fortification were beans, beef, vegetables and dairy. There was an alteration in the contributors in the post-fortification period, with bread, beef, beans and biscuits as main contributors. Conclusions: The mandatory fortification with Fe significantly furthered the reduction in the prevalence of inadequacy, except among women of reproductive age, and changed the main contributors to this nutrient in the studied population. Therefore, monitoring of Fe addition in flour is essential to assess compliance to the fortified flour policy and to guarantee a safe Fe intake for all the population. (AU)

• Processo FAPESP: 13/06979-9 - Efeito do consumo de alimentos biofortificados no estado nutricional de ferro e vitamina A de pré-escolares
• Beneficiário: Diva Aliete dos Santos Vieira
• Modalidade de apoio: Bolsas no Brasil - Doutorado Direto
• Processo FAPESP: 12/22113-9 - Indicadores bioquímicos do estado nutricional de micronutrientes e consumo alimentar habitual de residentes do Município de São Paulo - Estudo ISA 2013
• Beneficiário: Regina Mara Fisberg
• Modalidade de apoio: Auxílio à Pesquisa - Regular