Evaluating Atmospheric Pollutants from Urban Buses under Real-World Conditions: Implications of the Main Public Transport Mode in Sao Paulo, Brazil

Autor(es)

Nogueira, Thiago ^{[1, 2]} ; Dominutti, Pamela A. ^{[1, 3]} ; Vieira-Filho, Marcelo ^[4] ; Fornaro, Adalgiza ^[1] ; Andrade, Maria de Fatima ^[1]

Afiliação do(s) autor(es)

^[1] Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Astron Geofis & Ciencias Atmosfer IAG, Dept Ciencias Atmosfer, BR-05508090 Sao Paulo - Brazil

^[2] Univ Sao Paulo, Fac Saude Publ, Dept Saude Ambiental, BR-01246904 Sao Paulo - Brazil

^[3] Univ York, Dept Chem, Wolfson Atmospher Chem Labs, York YO10 5DD, N Yorkshire - England

^[4] Univ Fed Lavras, Dept Recursos Hidr & Saneamento, BR-37200000 Lavras - Brazil

• Tipo de documento: Artigo Científico
• Fonte: ATMOSPHERE; v. 10, n. 3 MAR 1 2019.
• Citações Web of Science: 0

Resumo

The broad expanse of the urban metropolitan area of Sao Paulo (MASP) has made buses, the predominant public transport mode for commuters in the city. In 2016, the bus fleet in the MASP reached 56,354 buses and it was responsible for more than 12 million daily trips. Here, we evaluate for the first time, the emission profile of gaseous and particulate pollutants from buses running on 7% biodiesel + 93% petroleum diesel and their spatial distribution in the MASP. This novel study, based on four bus terminal experiments, provides an extensive analysis of atmospheric pollutants of interest to public health and climate changes, such as CO2, CO, NOx, VOCs, PM10, PM2.5 and their constituents (black carbon (BC) and elements). Our results suggest that the renovation of the bus fleet from Euro II to Euro V and the incorporation of electric buses had a noticeable impact (by a factor of up to three) on the CO2 emissions and caused a decrease in NO emissions, by a factor of four to five. In addition, a comparison with previous Brazilian studies, shows that the newer bus fleet in the MASP emits fewer particles. Emissions from the public transport sector have implications for public health and air quality, not only by introducing reactive pollutants into the atmosphere but also by exposing the commuters to harmful concentrations. Our findings make a relevant contribution to the understanding of emissions from diesel-powered buses and about the impact of these new vehicular technologies on the air quality in the MASP. (AU)

• Processo FAPESP: 16/50470-1 - Particles and black carbon exposure to London and São Paulo bike-lane users (PEDALS)
• Beneficiário: Maria de Fátima Andrade
• Linha de fomento: Auxílio à Pesquisa - Regular
• Processo FAPESP: 15/50128-9 - Astrid - accessibility, social justice and transport emission impacts of transit-oriented development strategies
• Beneficiário: Adalgiza Fornaro
• Linha de fomento: Auxílio à Pesquisa - Temático
• Processo FAPESP: 18/07848-9 - Perfis químicos e toxicológicos de fontes de matéria particulada em atmosfera urbana
• Beneficiário: Maria de Fátima Andrade
• Linha de fomento: Auxílio à Pesquisa - Regular