Climate change and cultural resilience in late pre-Columbian Amazonia

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de Souza, Jonas Gregorio ^{[1, 2]} ; Robinson, Mark ^[1] ; Maezumi, S. Yoshi ^{[1, 3]} ; Capriles, Jose ^[4] ; Hoggarth, Julie A. ^[5] ; Lombardo, Umberto ^[6] ; Novello, Valdir Felipe ^[7] ; Apaestegui, James ^[8] ; Whitney, Bronwen ^[9] ; Urrego, Dunia ^[1] ; Alves, Daiana Travassos ^[1] ; Rostain, Stephen ^[10] ; Power, Mitchell J. ^[11] ; Mayle, Francis E. ^[12] ; da Cruz Jr, Francisco William ; Hooghiemstra, Henry ^[13] ; Iriarte, Jose ^[1]

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^[1] Univ Exeter, Dept Archaeol, Exeter, Devon - England

^[2] Univ Pompeu Fabra, Dept Humanities, Barcelona - Spain

^[3] Univ West Indies Mona, Dept Geog & Geol, Kingston - Jamaica

^[4] Penn State Univ, Dept Anthropol, University Pk, PA 16802 - USA

^[5] Baylor Univ, Dept Anthropol, Waco, TX 76798 - USA

^[6] Univ Bern, Inst Geog, Bern - Switzerland

^[7] Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Geosci, Sao Paulo - Brazil

^[8] Inst Geofis Peru, Lima - Peru

^[9] Northumbria Univ, Dept Geog & Environm Sci, Newcastle - England

^[10] French Natl Ctr Sci Res, Dept Archaeol, Paris - France

^[11] Univ Utah, Dept Geog, Salt Lake City, UT - USA

^[12] Univ Reading, Dept Geog & Environm Sci, Reading, Berks - England

^[13] Univ Amsterdam, Inst Biodivers & Ecosyst Dynam, Amsterdam - Netherlands

• Tipo de documento: Artigo Científico
• Fonte: NATURE ECOLOGY & EVOLUTION; v. 3, n. 7, p. 1007-1017, JUL 2019.
• Citações Web of Science: 1

Resumo

The long-term response of ancient societies to climate change has been a matter of global debate. Until recently, the lack of integrative studies using archaeological, palaeoecological and palaeoclimatological data prevented an evaluation of the relationship between climate change, distinct subsistence strategies and cultural transformations across the largest rainforest of the world, Amazonia. Here we review the most relevant cultural changes seen in the archaeological record of six different regions within Greater Amazonia during late pre-Columbian times. We compare the chronology of those cultural transitions with high-resolution regional palaeoclimate proxies, showing that, while some societies faced major reorganization during periods of climate change, others were unaffected and even flourished. We propose that societies with intensive, specialized land-use systems were vulnerable to transient climate change. In contrast, land-use systems that relied primarily on polyculture agroforestry, resulting in the formation of enriched forests and fertile Amazonian dark earth in the long term, were more resilient to climate change. (AU)

• Processo FAPESP: 17/50085-3 - PIRE: educação e pesquisa em clima das Américas usando os exemplos de anéis de árvores e espeleotemas (PIRE-CREATE)
• Beneficiário: Francisco William da Cruz Junior
• Modalidade de apoio: Auxílio à Pesquisa - Temático
• Processo FAPESP: 16/15807-5 - Reconstituição paleoclimática e paleoambiental do último período glacial no centro-oeste brasileiro
• Beneficiário: Valdir Felipe Novello
• Modalidade de apoio: Bolsas no Brasil - Pós-Doutorado